NATIONAL GAME PRESERVES 
119 
River. I need not enlarge upon the fascinating spectacles of 
the hot springs or the geysers, waterfalls and other natural 
wonders which attract sightseers to this district. 
Since the opening of the Yellowstone Park, largely owing 
to the efforts of the Boone and Crockett Club and its founder 
Mr. Theodore Roosevelt, many other game and forest pre¬ 
serves have been established in the United States. The 
American Bison Society and the New York Zoological Society 
also worked incessantly towards the same end, so that at pre¬ 
sent over seven million acres in the United States are devoted 
to the preservation of the native fauna and flora. The two 
largest enclosures are the Yellowstone Park in Wyoming, and 
the Grand Canon Game Preserve in Arizona. This growth of 
sentiment in favour of protecting animals and plants from 
destruction has also spread beyond the borders of the States 
into Canada, and induced the authorities there to imitate these 
beneficent measures. In their enthusiasm to vie with their 
neighbours, Canadians have even provided game preserves 
which exceed in size the largest of those referred to, for the 
new Jasper Park in Alberta has an area of nearly three and a 
half million acres, while Rocky Mountain Park in Alberta 
has two million seven hundred thousand acres. Two others 
have over a million acres. 
Hidden game preserves of the past life of North America, 
as I mentioned before, lie among the vast accumulations of 
Tertiary rocks in the same mountains that shelter the modern 
representatives of the American fauna. In the beginning of 
the chapter I just alluded to the names of some of the more 
important deposits and the geological formations they belong 
to. Enough is now known of the remains of the animals con¬ 
tained in these deposits to enable palaeontologists to compare 
their relationship with that of fossil assemblies of animals in 
other continents. Professor H. P. Osborn has recently pub¬ 
lished an excellent summary of our knowledge of these western 
beds and their mammalian fauna, and I cannot do better than 
quote some of his conclusions. 
The Eocene Tertiaries of the mountain region, lying in the 
Rockies and west of them, were partly formed by the post- 
Cretaceous or post-Laramie uplift, accompanied by great 
volcanic activity, lava flows and eruptions of volcanic dust, and 
