476 
INDEX 
Carnivores, Cretaceous ancestors, 149 
Carpenter, Sonoran region, 196, 197; 
Collembola from South Orkneys, 433 
Carpodacus, 56 
Carthaus, sea-water formerly more 
salt, 276 
Cascade Mountains, 103 
Casmorynchus niveus, 362 
Castor, extinct in Alaska, 80 
Castoro'ides, 153, 285, 286 
Cat-bird, in Bermuda, 188, 189 
Cat-fish, 89, 361 
Caton, likeness of wapiti and red- 
deer, 68 
Catostomus rostratus, 89 
Caudell, on Phasmidae, 158 
Cebidae, 364 
Cebus, 364 
Celestus, 281 
Centetidae, 246, 282 
Central America, faunal problems, 233, 
234 ; geological features, 237, 238; 
date of formation, 152 ; time of 
submergence, 241, 242 ; elevated in 
Pliocene Period, 243 ; flora and 
fauna, 247 — 257 ; affinity with 
Europe, 257 ; general affinities of, 
259, 260 
Centrums, gracilis, 178 ; carolinianus, 
178 ; margaritatus, 178 ; hentzi, 178 
C ephalopterus ornatus, 362 
Cepolis, 175, 176 
Cercoleptes flavus, 151, 248, 249 
Ceroglossus, 413 
Certhia, 56 
Certhidea, 315 
Cervalces, 32 
Cervidae, origin of, 109 — 111 
Cervulus, 111 
Cervus, origin of, 68 ; canadensis, 67 
— 69 ; distinct from American deer, 
107, 108 
Chamberlin, T. C., and Salisbury, 
glaciation of Nova Scotia, 41 ; 
interglacial phases, 45 ; ice disper¬ 
sion from Keewatin centre, 46, 76, 
77 
Chamberlin, R. V., North American 
Lycosidae, 36 
Chamops, 127 
Chapman, origin ( f Antillean fauna, 290 
Characinidae, 379, 380 
Chauliodes, 289 
Chelonians of north-eastern States, 134 
Chelydridae, 134, 251, 319, 320 
Chelydra, serpentina, 134 ; rosignonii, 
135 
Chile, 395 ; occurrence of northern 
forms, 234 ; species in common with 
California, 333, 334 ; poverty of 
freshwater fauna, 405 ; distribution 
of mammals, 406 ; species in 
common with California and Gala¬ 
pagos, 410 ; western extension of, 427 
Chilean islands, 418 
Chilonopsis, 390 
Chilton, Antarctic continent, 425 
Chinchilla, 353, 354 
Chipmunk, 63 
Choanopoma, 176 
Choloepus, 366 
Chologaster, 165 
Chondropoma, 175 
Chorophilus nigritus, 31 
Chrosomus erythrogaster, 50 
Chrysemys, 132 
Chrysochloridae, 245, 246, 404 
Chrysocyon, 430 
Chrysothrix, 364 
Chub, silver, in drift area, 51 
Cichlidae, 234, 290, 362, 379 
Cinclus, origin of, 113 
Cinosternidae, 362 
Cistudo, 134 
Citellus, general range of, 60 ; parryi, 
61, 85 ; douglasi, 61 ; tridecem- 
lineatus, 61 ; buxtoni, 85 ; osgoodi, 
92; nebulicola, 92; beringensis, 92; 
barrowensis, 92; stonei, 92 
Clausilia, range and geological his¬ 
tory, 272, 273 ; discontinuous dis¬ 
tribution of, 348, 349 ; pauli, 272, 
349 
Clemmys, guttata, 132 ; marmorata, 
133, 222 ; leprosa, 133, 222 ; in- 
sculpta, 133 ; morrisiae, 133 
Coati, of western origin, 249 
Cochlicopa lubrica, 72 
Cockerell, distribution of Helix hor- 
tensis, 14 ; Florissant shales of Mio¬ 
cene Age, 118 ; Florissant shales, 
200 (See Robbins.) 
