Mr Don ofi the Cariifera growing' in Australia. 159 



necB). With the exception of Podocarpus, which of all the 

 Conifer dB is the most widely diffused, and a single species of 

 Dacrydium and Callitris, the above-mentioned genera are almost 

 exclusively confined to the southern hemisphere. Two species 

 of Callitris are found within the tropic, and the ultimate limit 

 of Araucaria Cunninghamii extends beyond it : the rest are ex- 

 tra-tropical. As far as I have remarked, there does not appear 

 to be a single example of a species common to New Holland and 

 Van Diemen"'s Land or New Zealand. 



The most remarkable among the Australian Coniferae, is un- 

 doubtedly Phyllocladus^ a genus akin to the Ginko of Japan 

 {Salisburia adiantifolia), both equally curious for their singu- 

 larly dilated lobed leaves, which separate them from the rest of 

 the order. The branches of Phyllocladus, as in Xyhphylla^ 

 are deciduous, and in form resemble the fronds of some ferns. 



Before concluding these few desultory remarks on the Coni- 

 fers of Terra Australis, it may be proper to notice the nearly 

 related family of Casuarinea, which are pretty extensively dif- 

 fused throughout New Holland and Van Diemen's Land. Their 

 branches bear a strong resemblance to the fronds of Equisetuin ; 

 and as the trees grow to a large size, they consequently form a 

 peculiar feature in the Australian landscape. The species are li- 

 mited to Australia, except the Casaurina eguisetifolia, whose 

 geographical range extends from the northern coast of New Hol- 

 land across the intratropical islands of the Southern Pacific to 

 the continent of India. 



Major-General Sir Howard Douglas^ Bart, <^c. S(c. on Naval 



Tactics *. 



When two hostile armies are ranged in order of battle, in 

 sight of each other, the leader most skilful in strategy, and most 



• This article is illustrative of a very important and animated memoir, 

 entitled " Naval Evolutions; a Memoir by Major-General Sir Howard 

 Douglas, Bart. K.S.C. C.B. F.R.S. &c. Containing a Review and Refutation 

 of the principal Essays and Arguments advocating Mr Clerk's claims in re- 

 lation to the Manoeuvre of the 12th of April 1782 ; and Vindicating, by 

 Tactical Demonstration and numerous authentic Documents, the I^rofessional 

 Skill of the British Officers chiefly concerned on that memorable occasion. 

 Thos. and Wm. Boone. London, 1832." 



