20 Account of the 



buried at a great depth, and not in a few spots only, but over 

 a great extent of country. 



Elephants' bones have been found in the following places near 

 Rome : 



1. On the Pincian Hill. 



2. On the summit of Monte Verde *, covered with calcareo- 

 siliceous sand. 



3. In the Mons Sacer ; at the depth of thirty feet. They 

 were found, in cutting down a portion of the hill for the purpose 

 of collecting pebbles to mend the roads : they were imbedded in 

 a mixture of sand and pebbles of limestone and flint, and frag- 

 ments of lava. The bones were encrusted with calcareous spar. 



4. Near Monte Mario, in the side of a valley in the Valley 

 Farnesina ; and near that place they were found in a spot where 

 they were covered by a concretionary deposit, similar to traver- 

 tino, and containing fresh-water shells. 



5. At the foot of the Vatican. 



6. Near the Villa Borghese, a short way from the Porta del 

 Popolo. 



7. At Aqua Acetosa, about three miles from Rome, near 

 the confluence of the Anio, and near the Torre di Quinto, on 

 the opposite side of the river* 



8. Near the Porta Ostiensis. V , 



9. Near Tivoli, at San Vellerino. ) 



10. At Castel Guido, twelve miles from Rome. 



11. Elephants' bones have been found near Viterbo, in a stra- 

 tum of pumice, and lying under a current of lava. 



12. In the neighbourhood of Puteoli. 



But the occurrence of these bones is by no means confined to 

 the country round Rome : they are found on both sides of the pe- 

 ninsula, from the Alps to the extremity of Calabria. In some 

 places they are found in most extraordinary abundance, parti- 

 cularly in that part of Tuscany called the Valdarno Superiore, 

 which looks like a vast cemetery of these animals. Before the 

 peasants found out that they were objects of curiosity, and could 

 sell them as such, they were in the habit of fencing their gar- 



* Monte Verde is on the right bank of the river, opposite to the Aventine, 

 and a short way from the Pons Sublicius. It is remarkable that in this hill 

 strata of marine origin are seen lying between and covering beds of tufa. 



