-80 Mr Hardie on the Geology of' the 



India, seems referable to a period posterior to the deposition of 

 the last formed of our true rock formations; and, if the above 

 conclusion be legitimate, the date of elevation of some of them 

 at least, is, comparatively speaking, recent 



Paroxysmal elevations may have occurred at various periods, 

 and I have reason to suspect, that considerable tracts in this 

 portion of India were upheaved en masse, at an epoch posterior 

 to that which gave origin to the inclined or vertical position of 

 many of the older strata. I have not space to illustrate the 

 subject more minutely, but I may refer to the appearances exhi- 

 bited by the hills and hill ranges of that portion of Harowtee 

 immediately bordering upon Me war. 



The Harowtee district is flanked to the southward by a linear 

 hill range (the Mokundra range), composed of highly inclined 

 sandstone strata, which have been forced through a superjacent 

 formation of horizontally stratified sandstones and limestones. 

 Upon the Harowtee side of this range, the latter have been par- 

 tially upraised, and repose upon the plane formed by the inclined 

 strata, as they emerge from beneath the surface. On the Malwa 

 side, on the contrary, the truncated edges of the inclined strata 

 form an abrupt escarpment, and horizontally stratified lime- 

 stones, exactly similar to those of Harowtee, are observed close 

 upon the base of the range. The tubular masses of sandstone 

 which form the Mokundra range, seem to have been subjected 

 to an upheaving agency, which imparted to them a movement 

 round their inferior edges as a hinge, — a movement which, while 

 it would modify the position of the superjacent strata of Harow- 

 tee, might be supposed, from the intervention of the fracture- 

 line, to have had but little effect upon the similarly constituted 

 strata of the Malwa side*. A different kind of movement seems 

 -to have eifected the elevation of the hills in the interior of Ha- 



• How far the appearances attendant on the upheavings of hills and hill- 

 jranges may have been modified by the nature and character of the rocks acted 

 upon, or by the direction in which the elevating force was exerted, I am not 

 prepared to say. We would naturally expect that the elevation of narrow 

 linear ridges, composed entirely of regularly stratified rocks, having a uni- 

 form dip, would be accompanied by phenomena in many respects different 

 from those which have attended the upheaving of mountain-masses having a 

 granitic axis, or an axis composed of amorphous rocks. 



