Meteorological Observations. 319 



ANALYSIS OF PECTIC ACID. BY M. FROMBERG. 



After numerous analytical researches, the author has adopted the 

 following as the composition of pectic acid : — 



Calculated. 



C> 2 45-48 



H> 6 4-95 



O 10 49-57 



100- 

 M. Fromberg is of opinion that the quantities of carbon found by 

 MM. Fremy and Regnault are too small, and that the formula 

 C 24 H 34 O 22 deduced from their analysis is not correct. 



The author's researches have, however, in general confirmed the 

 observation of M. Fremy relative to the alterations that pectic acid 

 undergoes by ebullition with water. He has more than once ob- 

 served, that after long boiling with a weakly alkaline liquor, no pre- 

 cipitate is formed by the addition of an acid ; metapectic acid was 

 produced, which is soluble in acids. — Journ. de Ph. et de Ch., Fev. 

 1844. '_ 



METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FOR FEBRUARY 1844. 



Chiswick. — February 1. Frosty: very clear and dry: frosty. 2. Snowing : 

 frosty at night. 3. Frosty : clear, with bright sun : overcast and frosty. 4. Snow 

 in broad flakes: densely clouded and rapid thaw at night. 5. Frosty: clear: 

 severe frost. 6. Sharp frost : clear and fine: overcast. 7. Hazy, with slight rain : 

 overcast : heavy and continued rain in the evening. 8. Frosty: very clear : frosty. 

 9. Frosty, lightly clouded: densely overcast. 10. Cloudy. 11. Slight rain. 

 12. Uniformly overcast : clear and fine : foggy and frosty. 13. Frosty, with 

 dense fog : frosty, with fog at night. 14. Thick hoar-frost : clearing : overcast. 

 15. Slightly overcast and fine: hazy, with rain. 16. Clear and fine. 17. Over- 

 cast : clear. 18. Cloudy : slight rain at night. 19. Densely clouded : clear and 

 windy. 20. Clear and frosty : fine : clear, with sharp frost at night. 21. Snow- 

 ing in broad flakes : sleet and rain : hazy. 22. Snowing : clear and frosty. 23. 

 Sharp frost: overcast: heavy rain from six till nine p.m. 24. Clear : cloudy : 

 clear and frosty. 25. Rain : squally : cloudy and tine. 26. Heavy clouds and 

 showers : stormy, with rain at night. 27. Clear, cold and dry. 28. Clear and 

 cold: fine, with sun: cloudy. 29. Very fine : rain. — Mean temperature of the 

 month 3*59° below the average. 



Boston. — Feb. 1. Fine. 2. Cloudy: snow early a.m. 3. Fine. 4. Snow. 

 5,6. Fine. 7. Rain : rain early a.m. 8. Fine : rain early a.m. 9. Fine. 10. 

 Fine: snow a.m. 11. Snow : snow early a.m. 12. Fine. 13—15. Cloudy. 

 16,17. Fine. 18. Fine: rain p.m. 19. Cloudy: rain a.m. 20. Fine. 21. 

 Cloudy: snow p.m. 22. Cloudy. 23. Cloudy: snow early a.m. : snow p.m. 

 24. Stormy : snow p.m. 25. Cloudy : rain a.m. and p.m. 26. Cloudy : thunder 

 p.m. 27. Fine: snow early a.m. : snow p.m. 28. Cloudy. 29. Fine: melted snow. 



Sandwich Manse, Orkney. — Feb. 1. Bright: clear large halo. 2. Bright: clear: 

 fine. 3. Bright : cloudy. 4. Damp : showers. 5. Showers. 6. Snow-showers : 

 cloudy. 7. Rain : showers. 8. Snowing : aurora. 9, 10. Snow-showers. 

 11. Bright : cloudy. 19.. Bright : cloudy : thaw. 13. Cloudy. 14. Drizzle: 

 cloudy. 15,16. Showers: sleet. 17. Bright : clear aurora. 18. Cloudy: snowing. 

 19. Snow-drift. 20. Snow-showers. 21. Bright: snow-showers. 22. Snow- 

 showers : drift. 23. Bright : drift. 24, 25. Drift. 26. Bright : snow.showers. 

 27. Bright : haze. 28. Bright : clear. 29. Bright : large halo. 



Applegarth Manse, Dumfries-shire.— --Feb. 1. Frost. 2. Frost and snow. 3. 

 Frost : clear. 4. More snow : frost. 5. Frost I clear. 6. Frost. 7. Snow. 

 8. Snow: frost. 9. Thaw. 10, II. Frost. 12. Snow: frost. 13. Thaw. 

 14. Thaw and fog. 15. Fine thaw and rain. 16. Slight showers. 17. Showers 

 p.m. 18. Very wet. 19. Rain : slight showers. 20. Frost again. 21. Frost : 

 a little snow. 22. Frost : snow-shower. 23. Heavy fall of snow : frost. 24— 

 27. More snow : frost. 28. Snow and thaw. 29. Rain p.m. 



