42 REVIEWS. 



and wayside Composite might be similarly treated ; and Arctium already 

 shows, by the addition of three new names, what may be done when such 

 common plants as Burdocks are properly investigated and minutely exa- 

 mined. Obviously we do not yet know the riches of our fields. 



Various changes have been introduced into the arrangement of the 

 species of several of the large genera ; and, evidently, much care has been 

 bestowed on them with a view to render the distribution lucid. Carex 

 especially appears to have been very carefully worked over again ; but no 

 new species is added in this edition. The most important change occurs 

 in the order Graminecc, which is now divided into two sub-orders, the 

 ClisanthecB, distinguished by closed flowers, with long stigmas protruded 

 at the top of the flower ; and the Euryanthece, with open flowers and short 

 styles, the stigmas protruded at the bottom of the flower. These groups 

 seem to be natural, and are readily to be recognised by characters simple 

 and easily observed. Some alterations are made in the position of the 

 genera : thus Nardus and Lepturus are widely separated, the former being 

 placed as the type of a family, Nardece, in the first sub-order ; and the 

 latter referred to Hordeinece in the second. Arundinacece is combined with 

 Agrostidece, and Lagurus from Avenece added. Milium, is referred to Sti- 

 pacecej and Knappia transferred from Phleinece to Chloridece. 



The reductions of species are less numerous than the additions. Tha- 

 lictrum majus, Sm., is reduced to T. fiexuosum ; Camelina sativa is ex- 

 pelled, and C. foetida substituted ; Epilobium virgatum is reduced to E. 

 obscurum ; Saxifraga Andrewsii is excluded as a garden hybrid ; Helos- 

 ciadum repens restored to H. nodiflorum ; Galium pusillum of E. Bot. 

 changed to G. sylvestre. Poll. ; Libanotis united to Seseli ; Cineraria to 

 Senecio; Salix fusca to S. repens, S. Forbyana to S. rubra, and S. helix 

 to S. purpurea; Orchis fusca is changed to 0. purpurea ; Phleum commu- 

 tatum to P. alpinum, and Festuca sciaroides to F. myura. 



On the whole, the present edition bears out the announcement on the 

 title-page, that it contains " many additions and corrections." 



A recent discovery in Art, interesting to all Naturalists alike, is the 

 process for obtaining Photographic images in relief ; from which electrotype 

 Copperplates can be taken, that yield very clear and delicate impressions. 

 This long-sought-for invention promises to afford multiplied pictures of 

 Natural objects, of complicated form, or intricate pattern, cheaper, at once, 

 and more accurate than Engraving can accomplish. 



A. H. H. & W. H. H. 



