96 REVIEWS. 



scanty extract from Professor E. Forbes' monograph on the British naked- 

 eyed medusae, given at page 56 of the " Zoology." But the time relation 

 of these remarkable organisms to one another seems altogether to have 

 escaped the notice of Mr. Patterson. 



The connection between the polyzoa and tunicata is regarded by Mr. 

 Patterson merely in the light of a close affinity, but he still thinks it pro- 

 per to rank the former as one of the orders of the zoophyta. The incor- 

 rectness of this has long since been shown by the researches of J. V. 

 Thompson, Milne Edwards, Professor Allman, and others. 



The entozoa are classed among the radiata instead of among the annu- 

 loida. The correctness of this is, however, questioned at page 56 of the 

 "Zoology." 



It would be doing injustice to the author were we to have it understood 

 that his classification is a mere copy of that of Cuvier. In more than one 

 instance the improvements of modern naturalists are adopted. Thus, the 

 arrangement of the mammalia is good, though the monotremes are not 

 regarded as a distinct order. Again, the cirripeda are removed from the 

 mollusca and placed among the articulata, next to the Crustacea. It 

 would, perhaps, have been better to have ranked them as a subdivision of 

 the latter. The myriapoda are not made into a separate class. 



The importance of the study of development does not seem to be duly 

 recognised by Mr. Patterson. Our most eminent zoologists have long since 

 shown that the amphibia are distinguished by sufficient peculiarities to jus- 

 tify their separation from the reptilia (vide Bell's Reptiles, page 73). Mr. 

 Patterson still, however, regards them as constituting one of the orders of 

 the reptilia. 



In his arrangement of the birds, Mr. Patterson reduces all known species 

 to five orders. The Scansores are by him included among the perching 

 birds. The Columbse are not distinguished from the Rasores ; and the 

 Cursores, which surely form a separate order, are by him placed among the 

 Grallatores. Our knowledge of the present group is, perhaps, still encum- 

 bered with too many difficulties to enable Mr. Patterson to have arrived at 

 a much more satisfactory arrangement. 



The same excuse will, however, not serve with relation to Sheet H, in 

 which the order Aptera most unwelcomely makes its appearance. Who 

 does not know that the flea should be located among the Diptera, and the 

 spring-tail among the Neuroptera, and so on with the other genera (?) of 

 this order. 



On the whole, it must be admitted that Mr. Patterson's classification 



