GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF DUBLIN. 145 



in that neighbourhood the constitution of the Carboniferous formation is 

 very similar to that of Kilkenny. The district is now being surveyed by 

 Mr. G. H. Kinahan, and, although not yet complete, yet from an inspec- 

 tion of his work last week, and going over the ground together, we 

 arrived at the following conclusions: — 



The Carboniferous formation on the south side of the Shannon, be- 

 tween Pallaskenry and Foynes, is composed as follows : — 



Feet. 



6. Coal-measures, upwards of 1000 



5. Upper Limestone, 250 



4. Middle dark Limestone and Shale (Calp), . . . 1400 



3. Lower Limestone, gray, 1 500 



2. Lower Limestone Shale (Carboniferous Slate), . . 350 



1. Yellow Sandstone, 100 



Total thickness, 4600 



1. Base not seen; yellowish grits and sandstones ; sometimes calci- 

 ferous, with a few reddish beds below : ascending, they alternate with 

 beds of dark shale and compact limestone. Fossils, plant stems and 

 fragments, Encrinite stems, Modiola Macadami, and other bivalves. 



2. Black shales, sometimes calciferous, passing up into alternations 

 of shale and argillaceous limestone ; flaggy, and often nodular and con- 

 cretionary. Fossils, fucoid beds, Michelinia and other corals, Encri- 

 nites, Fenestella, annelid tracks, Pecten, Spirifer, Producta, &c. 



3. Lower Limestone. — Massive light-gray limestone, with, both at 

 top and bottom, a purple band having red shale partings. The lime- 

 stone much jointed; stratification often obliterated ; bands of grey chert 

 at base of group. Fossils very abundant ; beautiful cephalopodous and 

 other univalves in upper portions. 



4. Calp Limestone. — Dark blue, sometimes black, compact limestone, 

 with partings of dark shale, and thick beds of dark gray shale in lower 

 portion ; chert abundant throughout ; bands and nodules of white chert 

 at base ; bands of black chert in other portions. Fossils, a few Productae 

 and Spirifers ; Encrinite stems abundant in patches, occasionally Euom- 

 phalus, &c. 



5. Upper Limestone. — Thin, flaggy, light-coloured limestones, no- 

 dular, and full of concretions of gray chert, on which rest a few very 

 thick beds of massive pale-gray limestone, capped by thinner beds, 

 which, near the top, are separated by seams of black shale, sometimes 

 sandy, the limestones themselves becoming darker in colour. Fossils, 

 Encrinites very abundant ; Productae, Spirifers, and some univalves. 



6. Coal-measures. — Black indurated shale, passing up into alterna- 

 tions of dark shale with brown and olive-green fine-grained grits, the 

 shale sometimes becoming purple. Fossils, Pecten papyraceus, Gonia- 

 tites, &c, with coal plants higher up. 



In one locality — townland of Lisgordan, N. of Cahermoyle — we 

 vol. iv. u 



