PHRENOLOGY AND PHYSffeNOMY. 289 



And thus, if this one propensity be in extreme in the character, we 

 should have the sly-looking person. On the other hand, suppose the 

 organization to be the same, but that education may have prevented 

 its abused activity, there v^rould be some modification produced in 

 the face by this circumstance. Again ; if trained with a view of 

 concealing the real opinions of an individual, he would use this same 

 faculty to simulate some very different character to his own. Such 

 a person could 



" Smile and smile and be a villain." 



Now, whatever the natural character, the features would be, at 

 birth, of a particular form ; education would, by calling into action 

 particular faculties, have a tendency, by means of the muscles of the 

 face, to alter and modify the form of every feature. But whether 

 or not any great alteration is produced in the form of the face, there 

 would be a considerable difference in the expression ; hence it would 

 be more correct to speak of Pathognomy (expression) instead of 

 Physiognomy. 



If one feeling can impart a particular expression, so would power- 

 ful Destructiveness give a savage expression when it was excited, 

 and a very large Cautiousness an expression of great timidity, or 

 even terror, if called into strong action. It is by such means that 

 faces are stamped with a morose or a timid expression : the repeti- 

 tion of the feeling, with the corresponding repetition of particular 

 arrangement of the muscles of the mouth, &c., will in time pro- 

 duce a fixedness of form, an index of the strong passions which have 

 been most powerfully experienced. 



I mention these facts to point out, 1st. That it is quite possible 

 to indicate any strong mental power, because it imparts a particular 

 arrangement to the facial muscles ; 2nd. That in cases of persons 

 of nearly similar cerebral organization at their birth, and very much 

 alike in their faces, if they were placed in different circumstances, 

 there would be in time a marked difference in their faces or in their 

 expression ; 3rd. That such results are the effects of the particular 

 arrangement of the facial muscles, which is produced by the trans- 

 mitted action of one or more of the intellectual, moral, or animal 

 faculties, and the frequency or otherwise of these changes ulti- 

 mately gives a particular expression ; 4th. That when the mental 

 faculties are in mediocrity, and the temperament very active, the 

 rapid and almost magical changes which are imparted to the facial 

 muscles are too evanescent to leave any permanent impressions; 



VOL. VI. — NO. XX. oo 



