PHRENOLOGY AND PHYSIOGNOMY. 291 



murder of Mrs. Richards, of Clapham. They are reported to have 

 been very much hardened and reckless, and perfectly indifferent to 

 their fate. It is said that they shewed the most perfect contempt 

 and insolence to their minister, who endeavoured to make them sen- 

 sible of their depraved condition. They had been for some time 

 companions in crime — colleagues in a career of vice and intempe- 

 rance. Their features are somewhat different, but their heads are 

 very similar, and look almost as if they had been formed in one 

 mould. Yet, from their having exercised their animal propensities, 

 they have a very similar expression. The intellectual faculties of 

 both are only moderate (small anterior lobes), but Amativeness, De- 

 structiveness, Secretiveness, Acquisitiveness, Firmness, and Self-es- 

 teem, are all very large, when compared to the moral sentiments. 

 Kipple's features have rather more of refinement than Heffell's, 

 owing perhaps to his Ideality and Secretiveness being rather better 

 developed than in his associate. But the faculties which must have 

 been most active, and most exercised, being so much alike, may ac- 

 count for the stupid daring so apparent in their casts. 



Some time since I visited the Wakefield House of Correction. 

 The appearance of the female prisoners was in general very ungain- 

 ly, having broad and low heads, strongly indicating their depraved 

 and criminal habits. One of them told me, without the slightest 

 appearance of shame, that she had been in a prison sixteen times ! 

 There was one young woman, however, amidst these debased 

 persons, who was very handsome, and seemed to have a good 

 cerebral organization. She had been committed for pawning stolen 

 goods, and was very near being a mother, although not more than 

 seventeen years old. On examining her head I found a deep de- 

 pression over the organ of Conscientiousness, which she said was 

 occasioned by a fall, at which time she lost some quantity of the 

 brain; added to this she had been neglected in her moral education 

 (being an orphan), but could read and write. She should have been 

 placed in an insane establishment, and treated as one having a 

 diseased hrain J rather than abandoned to the society of a number of 

 women naturally depraved. In cases of this kind, the importance 

 of Gall's philosophy of mind is obvious, as it would enable the ma- 

 gistrate to exercise a discretionary power, and to commit those 

 whom the scientific practitioner must decide as cases of disease, to 

 the care of a physician, rather than to the goaler. 



It has often appeared to me, that painting and sculpture could be 

 ^urned to moral advantage, in exhibiting the features of persons 

 under the strongest excitement. Of course, if the moral sentiments, 



