S50 Fo,9sil Elepliant. 



individual, and that *< in every view, this animal so strongly 

 resembles the mastodon, but for the singular difference of or- 

 ganization presented by the lower jaw and its tusks, we could 

 riot avoid concluding we had obtained a young animal of that 

 species!^ As regards this jaw itself and molar teeth, they cer- 

 tainly do resemble those of the Mastodon giganteum, as closely 

 as the same parts in any young animal resemble those of the 

 adult individual. 



Note. — Mastodon angttstidens^ Cuv. and M. tapiroideSj Cuv. Indications of 

 the existence of these species in North America, were given in the Fauna 

 Americana, pp. 212, 213. Subsequent observations have not yet further 

 confirmed this indication. 



Genus Elephas. 



E. primogenitts, Blumenbach and Cuvier. 



Ossemens Fossiles, 2d edition, t. 1, p. 75, pi. 2 ; Harlan's Fauna Americana^ and 

 Journal of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Science ; MitchelPs edition 

 of Cuvier's Theory of the Earth. 



Locality, — In Europe these remains abound irt the nbrthern 

 countries, also in France, Germany, and Italy. They are scat- 

 tered over a vast range of country in North and South Ame- 

 rica. The frozen bodies of these animals have been found en- 

 veloped in ice on the north-west coast of America, as well as 

 in Siberia. ( Vid. Kotzbue^s Voyages.) 



Place in the Geological series. — The fossil bones of the ele- 

 phant, although they are found to exist contemporaneously 

 with those of the mastodon, rhinoceros, megalonyx, ox, deer, 

 &c. would appear to have belonged also to a geological period 

 more ancient than the last-named animals. According to Cu- 

 vier, " the isolated bones which are met with every where, are 

 often observed to have marine animals attached to them, which 

 establishes, in an incontestible manner, that since their disper- 

 sion they have been covered by the ocean, under which they 

 have been buried a considerable time." 



These remains are most generally discovered in the diluvial 

 deposits which fill valleys, or on the borders of rivers. 



It is probable that the immense mass of the fossil bones of 

 the elephant scattered throughout the world, include the re- 

 mains of several species ; they are generally found in a state of 



