On the Vamud and Gokldn Tribes of Turkomania. 211 



feature in the Mogol race. It is the eye of the feline species, 

 with the extremities drawn up towards the temples ; but, if 

 I am not mistaken, the pupil of the eye is not so black with 

 the Turkoman, and the eye larger. Neither is the nose so 

 flat, nor the lips so thick, although the high cheek-bones bear 

 the Mogol type. The Kalmuk approaches nearest to, or is 

 more probably identical with, the Mogol ; he has the same 

 low forehead, the head pressed down, forcing the cheek-bones 

 to protrude forward ; the same flattened nose, and thick pout- 

 ing lips, with small black eyes, nearly hid from sight by his 

 swollen face ; the same jet black hair ; the chest is like- 

 wise broad and muscular ; and, to judge by appearance, one 

 would think it alone endowed with power at the expense of 

 the lower part of the figure, as the legs are short and gauky ; 

 but one is brought to form a better opinion of them, when 

 the Kalmuk vaults on horseback, without saddle or bridles 

 clinging fast to the sides of the animal with his thighs and, 

 ankles, and defying the wildest horse of the steppe to throw 

 him down. The Turkoman does not resemble the Mogol in 

 these respects : — He has a high forehead ; his hair is not so 

 black ; the chest less developed, in fact, narrow and flat like 

 that of the Persian race ; or, bringing the comparison nearer 

 home, like the chest of his own breed of horses. Like his 

 noble animal, the Turkoman, generally speaking, is tall, welU 

 shaped, with large bones. He is not deficient in strength, 

 and has muscular arms, probably from the use of the bow ; 

 but the arms of the women are perhaps still more muscular, 

 owing to the heavy work which falls to their share. 



As the Turkomans generally wear long flowing robes, I 

 could not well examine the form of their legs. There appears, 

 it is true, a certain curvature, by the toes being bent inward, 

 which may proceed from their equestrian habits from child- 

 hood ; but they are not so bandy-legged as the Mogols or the 

 Kalmuks. 



If I were to search for a family resemblance between the 

 Turkomans and any other Turkish tribe which has fallen under 

 my notice, I should be inclined to compare them to the No- 

 gay-Tartars, in Northern Daghestan, on the Western shores of 

 the Caspian. The Nogay, with the Krim, the Astrakhan, and 



