CHAP. XVIII. UTIUCULAKIA AMETHTSTINA 443 



having a brush of long sharp bristles at the apex. 

 Other bladders included fragments of articulate ani- 

 mals, and many of them contained broken pieces of a 

 curious organism, the nature of which was not recog- 

 nised by anyone to whom it was shown. 



Utricularia amethystina (Guiana). This species has 

 small entire leaves, and is apparently a marsh plant; 

 but it must grow in places where crustaceans exist, 

 for there were two small species within one of .the 

 bladders. The bladders are nearly of the same shape 

 as those of Utricularia montana, and are covered outside 

 with the usual papillae ; but they differ remarkably in 

 the antennas being reduced to two short points, united 

 by a membrane hollowed out in the middle. This 

 membrane is covered with innumerable oblong glands 

 supported on long footstalks ; most of which are 

 arranged in two rows converging towards the valve. 

 Some, however, are seated on the margins of the mem- 

 brane ; and the short ventral surface of the bladder, 

 between the petiole and valve, is thickly covered with 

 glands. Most of the heads had fallen off, and the foot- 

 stalks alone remained ; so that the ventral surface and 

 the orifice, when viewed under a weak power, appeared 

 as if clothed with fine bristles. The valve is narrow, and 

 bears a few almost sessile glands. The collar against 

 which the edge shuts is yellowish, and presents the 

 usual structure. From the large number of glands on 

 the ventral surface an-,1 round the orifice, it is probable 

 that this species lives in very foul water, from which it 

 absorbs matter, as well as from its captured and decay- 

 ing prey. 



Utricularia griffitliii (Malay and Borneo). The 

 bladders are transparent and minute ; one which was 

 measured being only t % of an inch ('711 mm.) 

 in diameter. The antennae are of moderate length, and 



