[ 236 ] 



XXXI. Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles. 



EXPERIMENTS ON THE NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS OF THE 

 BENZOIC SERIES. BY G. CHANCEL. 



THESE experiments relate principally to the action of the hy- 

 drosulphate of ammonia upon nitrobenzamide. This substance 

 was first obtained by Mi-. Field by the action of heat upon the nitro- 

 benzoate of ammonia ; but this process does not always succeed, 

 and I have found it most advantageous to prepare it from nitro- 

 benzoic aether and ammonia. 



The action of the hydrosulphate of ammonia upon nitrobenzamide 

 dissolved in alcohol is frequently very complex, whilst with an 

 aqueous solution it is very simple ; in the latter case there is a con- 

 siderable deposit of sulphur and of crystals, which according to my 

 analyses contain C^ H^ N^ O + aq. The water of crystallization is 

 expelled between 212° and 248°. 



The formation of this body is in conformity with the known reac- 

 tions of the hydrosulphate of ammonia upon nitrogenized sub- 

 stances; we have, in fact, C7H'5XNO + 3SH2= C7H8N2 0+ 20H2 

 + 3S* ; but if the formation of this substance comes within the 

 known reactions, the change of functions which has taken place is 

 hitherto without example in organic chemistry ; for it no longer be- 

 longs to the benzoic series, but represents carbanilamide or anilamic 

 urea, that is to say a double carbonate of aniline and ammonia less 

 2 equivs. water (CH^ O^, C^ H? N, NH^) - 20H'^ = C^ H^ N^ O. 

 This opinion is founded upon the following facts : — When carbani- 

 lamide is heated with potash-lime, ammonia is disengaged at a 

 slightly elevated temperature, which I determined in the state of the 

 platinochloride. When heated still more strongly, no more ammonia 

 is given off, but only pure aniline. The following equation will 

 explain this metamorphosis : — 



C^ Hs NO-f 20KH=C03 K2 + C« H? N-f-NH^. 



But this equation evidently does not represent the final reaction, 

 and we must distinguish two phases, in 



The first, C' H^ NO + OKH = NH^ -|- C He KNO^. 

 The second, O W KNO^-f 0KH=C6 H7 NCO^ K*. 



The salt of potash which is produced in the first phase must be 

 the anthranilate or an isomeric compound, in all cases the true car- 

 banilate. 



This experiment proves that carbanilamide contains the consti- 



* X=N02 C=12 H = l 0=16 N = 14, notation of M. Gerhardt. 



