May 7. 1853.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



453 



King Henry I. of England, refused her. In re- 

 venge for this refusal, the queen of France in- 

 veigled him into a den in the garden, where was a 

 fierce lion. Being in this danger, he rolled^ his 

 mantle about his arm, and putting his hand into 

 the mouth of the beast, pulled out his tongue by 

 the root ; followed the queen to her palace, and 

 gave it to one of her maids to present to her. 

 Keturning to England with the fame of this 

 glorious exploit, he was forthwith advanced to the 

 earldom of Arundel, and for his arms the lion 

 given him. 



Amongst the many illustrations In Dr. Barrett's 

 book is the seal of this William de Albini, repre- 

 senting a knight on horseback, in the usual style 

 of such knightly seals ; but in front of the knight 

 is a young lion, and under the feet of the horse 

 some sort of animal of the lizard kind. 



In elucidation of this seal, there is a long and 

 elaborate note, with remarks by Mr. Hawkins of 

 the British Museum, with a view of showing that 

 .the device on this seal alludes to the story of his 

 combat with the lion. 



The attempt to establish this point appears to 

 me amusing ; for there seems nothing on the face 

 of the seal different from the usual seals of royal 

 and knightly rank in ancient times. 



It strikes me, that the true interpretation of this 

 device, and the introduction of the lion and the 

 lizard-like animal under the horse's feet, may be 

 found in the 13th verse of Psalm xci. : 



" Them shalt go upon the lion and adder: the young 

 lion and the dragon shalt thou tread under thy feet." 



I should like to learn from some of your corre- 

 spondents, whether this Psalm, or this portion of 

 it, was used in the solemnities attendant on the in- 

 stallation of a knight, which would tend much to 

 confirm my conjecture. Senex. 



FORMS OF JUDICIAL OATH. 



The forms of an oath are diff'erent among dif- 

 ferent denominations of Christians. The Roman 

 Catholics of the Continent swear by raising the 

 hand ; the Scotch Presbyterians follow the same 



f)ractice. The Protestants of the Church of Eng- 

 and are sworn on the Gospels ; so also are the 

 Irish Roman Catholics. The Quakers reject every 

 form of oath, and confine themselves to a simple 

 afiirmatlon. Upon these points I beg leive to 

 submit the following Queries. 



1. AVhat form of judicial oath was first sanc- 

 tioned by the professors of Christianity as a body ? 

 It is stated In Haydn's Dictionary of Dates, that 

 "oaths were taken on the Gospels so early as 

 A.D. 528." Ho\V were they taken before then ? 



2. Did the practice of swearing on the Gospels 

 prevail in England before the Reformation ? If 

 not, at what period was it introduced ? 



3. When was that form of oath first adopted by 

 the Irish ; and was Its adoption a voluntary pro- 

 ceeding on their part, or enforced by legislative 

 enactment ? 



4. Was the practice of raising the hand in use 

 in Scotland before the Reformation ? 



5. At what period was the latter form adopted 

 by the Continental Christians, In lieu of the more 

 solemn oath on the Gospels ? 



6. Are there now, or have there been at any 

 former period, any forms of judicial oath In use 

 among Christians, other than the forms above 

 mentioned ? Henrt H. Beeen. 



St. Lucia. 



Passage in Boerhaave. — Will any of your readers* 

 kindly oblige me by the exact word of a passage In 

 Boerhaave, of which I cite the following from, 

 memory ? — 



" The only malady inherent in the human frame, is 

 the decay of old age." 



A Foreign Surgeon. 

 7. Charlotte Street, Bedford Square. 



Story of Ezzelin. — Where is the story to be 

 found from which Fuseli derived the subject for- 

 his remarkable picture of Ezzelin (Braccioferro'}' 

 musing over the body of Meduna ? It was en- 

 graved by J. R. Smith, and published by Jas. 

 BIrchel, 473. Strand, May, 1781. What has be- 

 come of the original picture ? J. Sansom. 



The Duke. — Can any of your readers tell me 

 whether Sir Arthur AVellesley's speech in the 

 House of Commons upon Mr. PauU's charge 

 against his brother, was the first he made in 

 parliament ? Robert J. Allex. 



Oxford. 



General Sir Dennis Pack. — This gallant officer, 

 who, in command of the light division of the Duke's 

 army, distinguished himself in nearly every battle 

 of the Peninsula, and finally at Waterloo, was 

 descended from a younger son of Simon, son of 

 Sir Christopher Pack, Alderman and Lord Mayor 

 of London. The family was originally from Lei- 

 cestershire. Sir Christopher, having advanced 

 money for the reduction of the French rebels of 

 1641, received a grant of land in the county of 

 Westmeath ; and his younger son, Simon, settled 

 in Ireland about that period. From this Simon 

 descended Thomas Pack, Esq., of Balllnakell in 

 the Queen's County, grandfather of Sir Dennis 

 Pack. 



As I have in the press a History of the Cathe- 

 dral of St. Canice, Kilkenny, which latter contains a 

 monument and a fine bust of Sir Dennis Pack by 

 Chantrey, and of which his father the Rev. Thomas 



