324 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 205. 



■drivers in Turkey, Palestine, and Egypt encourage 

 their animals to speed by shouting ar-re, ar-re! 

 The Moors seem to have carried the custom with 

 "them into Spain, where the mules and horses are 

 ■still driven with cries of arre (whence the mule- 

 teers derive their Spanish appellation o^ arrieros). 

 In France, the sportsman excites the hound by 

 shouts of hare, hare ! and the waggoner turns 

 his horses by his voice, and the use of the word 

 hurhant ! In Germany, according to Johnson 

 (m verho Hurry), " Hurs was a word used by 

 tlie old Germans in urging their horses to speed," 

 And to the present day, the herdsmen in Ireland, 

 and parts of Scotland, drive their cattle with 

 shouts of hurrish, hurrish ! In the latter country, 

 in fact, to hurry, or to han-y, is the popular term 

 descriptive of the predatory habits of the border 

 reivers in plundering and " driving the cattle" of 

 the lowlanders. 



The sound is so expressive of excitement and 

 energy, that it seems to have been adopted in all 

 nations as a stimulant in times of commotion ; 

 and eventually as a war-cry by the Russians, the 

 English, and almost every people of Europe. Sir 

 Francis Paljxrave, in the passage quoted from his 

 History of Normandy ("N.& Q.," Vol. viii., p. 20.), 

 has described the custom of the Normans in 

 raising the country by " the cry of haro," or haron, 

 upon which all the lieges were bound to join in 

 pursuit of the offender. This clameur de haron is 

 the origin of the English "hue and cry;" and the 

 word hue itself seems to retain some trace of the 

 prevailing pedigree. 



This stimulating interjection appears, in foct, to 

 have enriched the French language as well as our 

 own with some of the most expressive etymologies. 

 It is the parent of the obsolete French verb harer, 

 " to hound on, or excite clamour against any one." 

 And it is to be traced in the epithet for a worn- 

 out horse, a haridelle, or haridan. 



In like manner, our English expressions, to 

 hurry, to harry, and harass a flying enemy, are all 

 instinct with the same impulse, and all traceable 

 to the same root. J. Emersox Tennent. 



The following extract from Mr. Thos. DIcey's 

 Hist, of Guernsey (edit. Lond. 1751), pp. 8, 9, 10., 

 may be worth adding to the foregoing notes on this 

 subject : 



" One thing more relating to Rollo Mr. Falle, in 

 his account of Jersey, hitroduces in the following 

 manner, not only for the singularity of it, but the 

 particular concern which that island has still in it, 

 viz. : — 



" Whether it began through RoUo's own appoint- 

 ment, or took its rise among the people from an awful 

 reverence of him for his justice, it matters not ; but so 

 it is, that a custom obtained in his time, that in case 

 of incroachment and invasion of property, or of any 

 other oppression and violence requiring immediate 

 remedy, the party aggrieved need do no more than call 



upon the name of the Duke, though at never so great 

 a distance, thrice repeating aloud Ha-Ro, &c., and 

 instantly the aggressor was at his peril to forbear 

 attempting anything further. — Aa ! or Ha ! is the 

 exclamation of a person suffering ; lio is the Duke's 

 name abbreviated ; so that Ha-Ro is as much as to say, 

 O ! Rollo, my Prince, succour me. Accordingly (says 

 Mr. Falle) with us, in Jersey, the cry is. Ha- Ro, a 

 Vaide, man Prince ! And this is that famous Clameur 

 do Haro, subsisting in practice even when Rollo was 

 no more, so much praised and commented upon by 

 all who have wrote on the Norman laws. A notable 

 example of its virtue and power was seen about one 

 hundred and seventy years after Rollo's death, at 

 William the Conqueror's funeral, when, in confidence 

 thereof, a private man and a subject dared to oppose 

 the burying of his body, in the following manner: 



" It seems that, in order to build the great Abbey of 

 St. Stephen at Caen, where he intended to lie after his 

 decease, the Conqueror had caused several houses to 

 be pulled down for enlarging the area, and amongst 

 them one whose owner had received no satisfaction for 

 his loss. The son of that person (others say the per- 

 son himself) observing the grave to be dug on that 

 very spot of ground which had been the site of his 

 father's house, went boldly into the assembly, and for- 

 bid them, not in the name of God, as some have it, but 

 in the name of Rollo, to bury the body there. 



" Paulus .(Emylius, who relates tlie story, says that 

 he addressed himself to the company in these words: — 

 ' He who oppressed kingdoms by his arms has been my 

 oppressor also, and has kept me under a continual fear 

 of death. Since I have outlived him who injured me, 

 I mean not to acquit him now he is dead. The ground 

 whereon you are going to lay this man is mine ; and I 

 affirm that none may in justice bury their dead in 

 ground which belongs to another. If, after he is gone, 

 force and violence are still used to detain my right 

 from me, I appeal to Rollo, the founder and father 

 of our nation, who, though dead, lives in his laws. I 

 take refuge in those laws, owning no authority above 

 them.' 



"This uncommonly brave speech, spoken in presence 

 of the deceased king's own son. Prince Henry, after- 

 wards our King Henry I., wrought its effect : the 

 Ha-Ro was respected, the man had compensation made 

 him for his wrongs, and, all opposition ceasing, the 

 dead king was laid in his grave." 



J. Sansom. 



PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. 



Process for Printing on Alhumenized Paper. — 

 The power of obtaining agreeable and well-printed 

 positives from their negatives being the great ob- 

 ject with all photographers, induces me to com- 

 municate the following mode of preparing alhu- 

 menized paper ; a mode which, although it does 

 not possess any remarkable novelty, seems to me 

 deserving of being made generally known, from 

 its giving a uniformity of results which may at all 

 times be depended upon. 



