Oct. 29. 1853.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



416 



quite out of my province to pursue fartlier the 

 description o£ blagueii}--]diid or bla?-ney -land. 



P. S. — Excuse my French-English. 



Philarete Chasles, Mazarinaaus. 



Paris, Palais de I'lnstitut. 



HABMONY OF THE rOUR GOSPELS. 



(Vol. viii., p. 316.) 



In answer to Z. I may state that the first 

 attempt of this kind is attributed to Tatlan. 

 Eusebius, in his Ecc. Hist (quoted in Lardner's 

 Works, vol. ii. p. 137. ed. 1788), says, he "com- 

 posed I know not what — harmony and collection 

 of the gospels, which he called Sia reffo-dpuy." 

 Eusebius himself composed a celebrated harmony, 

 of which, as of some others in the sixteenth and 

 two following centuries, there is a short account 

 in Michaelis's Introduction to the New Test., trans- 

 lated by Bishop Marsh, vol. iii. part i. p. 32. 

 The few works of the same kind written in the 

 early and middle ages are noticed in Home's 

 Introduct., vol. il. p. 274. About the year 330, 

 Juvencus, a Spaniard, wrote the evangelical his- 

 tory in heroic verse. Of far greater merit were 

 the four books of Augustine, De Consensu Quxituor 

 Evangeliorum. After a long interval, Ludolphus 

 the Saxon, a Carthusian monk, published a work 

 which passed through thirty editions in Germany, 

 besides being translated into French and Italian. 

 Some years ago I made out the following list of 

 Harmonies, Diatessarons, and Synoptical tables, 

 published since the Reformation, which may in 

 some measure meet the wish of your correspondent. 

 It is probably incomplete. The dates are those 

 of the first editions. 



Osiander, 1537. 

 Jansenius, 1549. 

 Chemnitz, 1593. 

 Lightfoot, 1654. 

 Cradock, 1668. 

 Richardson, 1654. 

 Sandhagen, 1684. 

 Le Clerc, 1699. 

 Whiston, 1702. 

 Toinard, 1707. 

 Rein Rus, 1727. 

 Bengelius, 1736. 

 Hauber, 1737. 

 Doddridge, 1739. 

 Pilkington, 1747. 

 Michaelis, 1750. 



Cranwell, near Bath. 



Blisching, 1756. 

 Macknight, 1756. 

 Bertlings, 1767. 

 Griesbach, 1776. 

 Priestley (Greek), 1777. 

 Priestley (Eng.), 1780. 

 Nen'come (Greek), 1778. 

 Newcome (Eng.), 1802. 

 White, 1799. 

 De Wette, 1818. 

 Thompson, R , 1808. 

 Chambers, 1813. 

 Thompson, C, 1815. 

 Warner, 1819. 

 Carpenter, 1835. 



J. M. 



Tatian wrote his ^hayyi\iov ^lot. rwv naaapcav as 

 early as the year 170. It is no longer extant, but 

 we have some reason for believing that this Har- 

 mony had been compiled in an unfriendly spirit 

 (Theodoret, Hceret. FahuL, lib. i. c. 20.). Tatian 



was followed by Ammonius, whose 'Ap/i or I'a ap- 

 peared about 230 ; and in the next century by 

 Eusebius and St. Ambrose, the former entitling 

 his production Uepl rris twv EvayyeXicDv biacpaiuias, the 

 latter Concordia Evangelii Matthcei et Lucce. But 

 by far the ablest of the ancient writings on this 

 subject is the De Consensu Evangelistarum of St. 

 Augustine. Many authors, such as Porphyry, in 

 his Kara Xpiffriaviav x6-yoi, had pointed with an air 

 of triumph to the seeming discrepancies in the 

 Evangelic records as an argument subversive of 

 their claim to paramount authority (" Hoc enim 

 solent quasi palmare sua3 vanitatis objicere, quod 

 ipsi EvangelistiB inter seipsos dissentiant." — Lib. i. 

 c. 7.). In writing these objections St. Augustine 

 had to handle nearly all the difficulties which 

 offend the microscopic critics of the present day. 

 His work was urged afresh upon the notice of the 

 biblical scholar by Gerson, chancellor of the Uni- 

 versity of Paris, who died in 1 429. The Mono- 

 tessaron, seu unum ex quatuor Evangeliis of that 

 gifted writer will be found in Du Pin's edition of 

 his Woi'ks^ iv. 83. sq. Some additional inform- 

 ation respecting Harmonies is supplied in Ebrard's 

 Wissenschaftliche Kritik der evangelischen Ge- 

 scMchte, pp. 36. sq. : Francfurt a. M., 1842. 



C. Hard WICK. 

 St. Catharine's Hall, Cambridge. 



Seller says (Bibl. Herm., part ii. c. 4. s. 4.) that 

 " The greater part of the works on the harmony of 

 the gospels are quite useless for our times, as 

 their authors mostly proceed on incorrect prin- 

 ciples." He refers only to the chief of them, 

 namely : 



Osiander, 1537. 

 Janseji, 1549-72. 

 Chemnitz, 1593. 

 Lightfoot, 1644. 

 Van Til, 1687. 

 Lamy, 1689. 

 Le Roux, 1699. 

 Le Clerc, 1700. 

 May, 1707. 



Von Canstein, 1718-27. 

 Rus, 1727-30, 

 Hauber. 



Macknight, 1756. 

 Bengel, 1766. 

 Biisching, 1766. 

 Bertlings, 1767. 

 Priestley, 1777. 

 Schutte, 1779. 

 Stephan, 1779. 

 Michaelis in his New Test. 

 Rullraann, 1790. 

 Griesbach, 1776-97. 

 White, 1799. 

 De Wette, 1818. 



For other Harmonies, see Mr. Home's Bibliog. 

 Index, p. 128. Heringa considers that the fol- 

 lowing writers "have brought the four Evange- 

 lists into an harmonious arrangement, namely : 

 Hesz, 1784. I Stronck, 1800. 



Bergen, 1804. | Townsend, 1834. 



And especially as to the suflferings and resurrection 

 of Christ: 



Voss, 1701. 

 Iken, 1743. 



Birmingham. 



Michaelis (translated by 



Duckett, 1827). 

 Cremer, 1795. 



T. J. BCCKTON. 



