572 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 215. 



for y« better unfouldinge of this, as also for suche pun- 

 nyshm' as tlie law will inflict." 



In pursuance of this determination, tlie earl 

 exhibited an information against Mr. Belgrave in 

 the Star Chamber. The subsequent proceedings 

 which took place on the subject in parliament will 

 be found noticed in D'Ewes's Journal, and quoted 

 in Thompson's History of Leicester, pp. 319-323. 



William Kelly. 



Leicester. 



PHOTOGHAPHIC COREESPONDENCE. 



Queries on Dr. Diamond's Calotype Process. — 

 Would you kindly ask Dk. Diamond, to whom I 

 should imagine all of us are more or less indebted, 

 the following questions respecting the very valu- 

 able paper on the calotype in the last Photographic 

 Journal ? 



1. As to the white spots which make their 

 appearance in developing, on Turner's paper espe- 

 cially, and which he says are owjng to minute 

 pieces of metal in the paper, what is the best way 

 of hiding them in the negative, so that they may 

 as little as possible injure the positive ? I have 

 suffered sadly from this cause ; and have tried to 

 stop them with ammonio-nitrate, which turns after 

 a time to red, and stops the light effectually ; but 

 I should prefer some black colouring the strength 

 of which one could measure by seeing its imme- 

 diate effect. 



2. And again, when one has black spots, what 

 is the best means of lessening their intensity, if 

 not of wholly removing them ? ^uroypafos. 



[Where light spots occur in a negative, Dr. Dia- 

 mond recommends, as the most efTectual mode of stop- 

 ping them, a little gamboge neatly applied with a 

 camel-hair pencil. Where a great intensity is desired, 

 Indian ink may be applied in the same manner, taking 

 care in both cases to smooth off the edges with a dry 

 brush. The cyanide of potassium applied in the same 

 way, but with very great care, will remove the black 

 spots. Before it appears to have quite accomplished 

 its object, a negative should be immersed in water, as 

 its action is so energetic] 



Alhumenized Paper. — I have followed Dr. Dia- 

 mond's directions for albumenizing paper (thin 

 Canson negative) as accurately as I can, but I 

 cannot prevent the albumen in drying, when 

 pinned up, from forming into waves or streaks. 

 This will be best understood from a specimen of a 

 sheet which I inclose, and I shall be much obliged 

 if you can tell me how this can be avoided. Some 

 alhumenized paper which I have purchased is 

 quite free from this defect, but being at a distance 

 from London, it is both convenient and economical 

 to prepare my own paper. C. E. F. 



[We would recommend our correspondent to remove 

 Lis paper from the albumen still more slowly ; and to 



take care not to draw it along, but so to lift it that the 

 last corner is not moved until it is raised from the al- 

 bumen. In pinning up be careful that the paper takes 

 the inward curl, otherwise the appearances exhibited 

 will be almost sure to take place. As the albumenizing 

 liquid is of very trifling cost, we recommend the use of 

 two dishes, as by that means a great economy of time 

 is obtained.] 



JRcpIte^ t0 iHtiTor <^\\txlti. 



Marcarnes (Vol. viii., p. 365.). — Can this cu- 

 riously sounding name be an archaic form of 

 Mackarness, a name, I think, still borne by living 

 persons ? Francis John Scott. 



Tewkesbury. 



Xon Brewers^ Casks (Vol. viii., p. 439.). — Your 

 correspondent B. H. C, though ingenious, is in 

 error. The X on brewers' casks originated in the 

 fact, that beer above a certain strength paid 105. 

 duty ; and the X became a mark to denote beer 

 of that better quality. The doubling and tripling 

 of the X are nothing but inventions of the brewers 

 to humbug the public. 2- T- 



No Sparrows at Lindham (Vol. vli., p. 233.). — 

 Amongst the various responses in connexion with 

 the Queries given on the page above noted, com- 

 municated direct, the only one which I have 

 thought worthy of insertion in my MSS. is as fol- 

 lows : 



« As for there being no sparrows at Lindham, it 

 may be accounted for in the following legend : — A 

 few years ago I was in that district when I heard some 

 account of a person called ' Tom of Lindham ; ' who, 

 by the way, was a curious personage, and performed 

 some very extraordinary and out-of-the-way feats. At 

 one time he was left at home to protect the corn from 

 the sparrows ; when, to save trouble, he got all of theiu 

 into the barn, and put a harrow into the window to 

 keep them in ; and ^o starved (e. e. hungered) them to 

 death." 



Furthermore Mr. Whittaker kindly communi- 

 cated of the above Yorkshire worthy : 



" At tlie close of Tom's life he took it into his head 

 to make a road across a part of Hatfield Chase to his 

 own dwelling ; when, according to the legend, he em- 

 ployed supernatural aid : with this clause in the con- 

 tract, that he, Tom, should not inquire any particulars 

 as to the character of his assistants or helpmates. One 

 day, however, being more curious than prudent, he 

 looked behind him ; his workmen immediately disap- 

 peared, and Tom of Lindham was no more heard of. 

 His road still remains in the state he left it." 



M. AlSLABIE DeNHAM". 

 Piersebrldgc, near Darlington, Durham. 



Theobald le Botiller (Vol. viii., ji. 366.)-— Theo- 

 bald le Botiller was an infant at his father's death, 

 1206. He had livery in 1222 ; and in 9 Hen. HI., 



