The Disasters of^TtvolL 303 



there existed a subterranean canal which conducted the waters 

 in that direction, but of which all traces had been lost for many 

 centuries. After several days of assiduous research, this canal 

 was at length discovered. The gravel that obstructed it was 

 removed, the water was immediately introduced, and the nume- 

 rous manufactories, which had ceased for a month, were again 

 put into activity. The inhabitants of Tivoli, in the joy caused 

 by the discovery of this canal, sent a deputation to Rome, head- 

 ed by their worthy bishop, to carry to the Pope Ihe homage of 

 their gratitude, and request him to allow the canal to be named 

 after Leo the Xllth, which was granted them. 



At the moment when we write, the labours are continued with 

 the greatest activity, and the engineers will soon have to decide 

 in what manner the dike of the sluice is to be repaired, and 

 what direction the bed of the river will receive in that part to 

 prevent the repetition of similar accidents. The environs of 

 Tivoli resound with redoubled blows of the hammer, the roads 

 are crowded with carts and beasts of burden carrying materials 

 for the new works. The stranger who visits Tivoli from curio- 

 sity, as well as the citizen who views these works so interesting 

 to himself, load with praises and blessings the sovereign who 

 repairs so many disasters^ and also bestow upon his minister the 

 praises which the zeal and foresight displayed by him on this 

 occasion merit. 



Essay on the Domestication of MammiferotLS Animals, with 

 some introductory considerations on the various states in 

 which we may study their actions. By M. Frederick 

 CuviER. 



X HE strangest prejudices have been formed regarding the 

 state of animals in captivity, and the most singular judgment 

 passed upon the works to which their actions have given rise. 

 To prevent, as much as possible, the application of similar ideas 

 to the present essay, on the domestication of mammifera, I shall 

 commence with some considerations calculated to rectify these 

 ideas, and to afford juster notions than appear to have been en- 

 tertained regarding animals, and the various states jn which we 



