12 



which makes the venation very difficult to follow. In one or two 

 cases where the fossil lies on a plane surface, the specimens happen to 

 be almost entire, and the pressing down of the fore-wing upon the 

 hind-wing at a slightly different angle makes it impossible to dis- 

 entangle the complex venation satisfactorily. They include a 

 number of Coleoptera, together with the remains of some very large 

 insects referable to the Protorthoptera. 



The Goodna specimen forms a simple impression in a yellowish 

 brown clay ironstone, being dark-coloured, well defined, and easily 

 distinguished. The wing is very delicate, and a large somewhat 

 oval piece is missing towards the distal end. 



As regards the Duaringa specimens, these are in the soft core 

 of a bore, and are poorly preserved. Only a small portion of the 

 hardest part of the chitin is still visible ; the rest of the insect is only 

 in rough outline. 



It seemed advisable to keep the fossils from the four different 

 localities distinct throughout, so the paper is divided into four 

 sections, the first dealing with the Ipswich fossils, the second with 

 those from St. Peter's, the third with the Osmylid from Goodna , and 

 the fourth with the Duaringa larvae. Each ends with a summary 

 of results and a short attempt to indicate the important points in 

 which the fossils may be considered to have altered our views oil 

 the phylogeny of the Insecta. For the accumulation of the fossil 

 insects we are indebted to Mr. Dunstan, who collected the St. Peter's 

 specimens many years ago, while Lecturer in Geology at the Sydney 

 Technical College, and the Ipswich specimens soon after he came 

 to Queensland. With regard to the Ipswich fossils, the collection, 

 small as it yet is, suggests that Mr. Dunstan might show these beds 

 to rank in the future with those of Commentry in France and Solen- 

 hofen in Bavaria, in the value of their insect record. 



Some of the figures of the specimens which accompany this 

 paper have been drawn under the camera lucida, others being repro- 

 duced by photography, all necessitating the use of a strong oblique 

 light. It has sometimes been necessary to change the direction of 

 the light once, or even twice, during the drawing of a single specimen, 

 in order to bring into relief different sets of cross-veins. The main 

 veins are usually easily followed in any light, and cannot very well 

 be confused with scratches or with thin strands of plant-material. 



In the descriptions of the wings, the Comstock-Needham notation 

 has been followed throughout. The six main veins of the wing from 

 the front to the back are called the costa (C), subcosta (Sc), radius 

 (R), media (M), cubitus (Cu), and analis (^4). It is not, of course,. 



