of'tlk£ Southern Mahraita Country. 115 



identical with the old or new red sandstones of the Werneriaii 

 geognosy; and, therefore, as very generally disposed in an un- 

 conformable position in regard to the transition rocks. I^ will 

 now, therefore, state, as briefly as possible, the circumstances 

 upon which I rest this opinion. 



Firsts In many parts of the Darwar district the sandstone 

 hills have horizontal strata, level summits, and, for many miles, 

 exactly the same altitude ; while at one part we find granite, at 

 another part transition rocks, immediately at their bases. 



Secondly^ On the south-east declivity of the small hill of Chick 

 Nurgoond, the schists are not covered by debris. Their dip is 

 vertical, and their direction nearly north-west by west. They 

 can be traced to within a few feet of the sandstone, which forms 

 the summit of the hill, and which dips towards the north-west, 

 at an angle of about 40°. 



Thirdly^ A small range of sandstone, or rather quartz hills, 

 near Kulladghee, is divided in several places by ravines. In 

 walking up one of these ravines, you have the quartz hills on 

 both sides, and can observe their strata inclined at a small angle, 

 while the bed of the ravine along which you walk consists of the 

 clayslates and grey wackes, which are found in all the low parts of 

 the adjoining country, and the strata of which are mostly vertical. 



I have never seen the sandstone conformable to the transition 

 rocks ; but I do not mean to say that this may not sometimes be 

 the case. The above observations however, are, I tliink, quite 

 sufficient to shew that it is very often unconformable, and may 

 belong to one or other, or include both the red sandstones of the 

 Wernerian geognosy. 



The following striking appearances are presented by the sand- 

 stone of Badamy. The hills at that place, composed to their very 

 bases of sandstone, have perfectly even summits, and are sur- 

 rounded on all sides by vertical precipices, descending, in many 

 instances, completely to the valley, which is covered with fine 

 sand, the debris of the adjoining liills. The sandstone strata are 

 generally horizontal. The precipices have a height of probably 

 two hundred feet * ; and the hills are, in many places, completely 

 divided by rents from top to bottom, and are thus separated into 



a number of huge distinct masses. Some of these masses which 

 I-"' ■ 

 • I state this only from memory ; it must therefore be considered mereljr 

 as an approximation. 



h2 



