222 Messrs. Foy, Harle^ and Gruner on the 



sal-ammoniac and carbonate of magnesia are manufactured 

 from urine. 



At Salzburg, as in the Tyrol, the brown hematites are 

 fused with a feeble heat. The quantity produced is 15,000 

 quintals. At one time, a number of gold mines existed here, 

 in the central chain of the Alps, but at present there are 

 only two, Bockstein and Rauris, which yield 100 to 200 

 marcs (62 J to 125 lbs.) of gold by amalgamation, and 600 

 to 800 marcs of silver (375 to 500 lbs.) extracted by the 

 fusion of sulphur minerals. Salzburg contains several 

 deposits of salt, which rival those of Bavaria. The springs 

 which they supply are at Hallein, Hallstadt, &;c. 



C«rzwjf/!2a produces iron, steel, lead and 200 or 300 quints. 

 of copper. Lead is produced from galena in a calcareous 

 matrix at Bleyberg to the amount of 60,000 quintals, by 

 means of a reverberatory furnace, and is extremely pure 

 and free from silver. 300,000 quintals of iron are cast, 

 which is all converted into soft iron or steel, either in 

 Carinthia or Carniola. This casting is operated in six high 

 close furnaces. That of Treibach is 35 feet high and 8 in 

 diameter. Its daily produce is sometimes from 250 to 

 300 quintals. The ore comes from Hiitenberg, and is 

 partially decomposed sparry iron-stone, very rich in mica, 

 and found in mica slate. It is often accompanied with 

 sulphate of barytes, which is frequently used to adulterate 

 ceruse. Steel is prepared by the brescienne method, and 

 the soft iron by the Styrian method at a single fusion. 

 The manufacture of iron has made great progress here, if 

 we may judge from the attempts made by Rosthorn on the 

 puddling process, by means of wood and lignite. 180,000 

 quintals of soft iron, and 70,000 of steel are raised annually, 

 at the price of 17s. 6d. per quintal. 



Carniola produces mercury at Idria. 5000 to 6000 quints. 

 of mercury are obtained by distillation. 100 quints, are 

 extracted from a slate containing native mercury, and, 

 besides, 1000 quints, of cinnabar are formed. The mercury 

 sells at 16s. 8d. per quint, and upwards ; the cinnabar at 

 £1. and above per quintal. 



Styria is the province which raises the greatest quantity 

 of soft iron and steel, both of a superior quality. In this 

 province there are 37 high furnaces, only three of which 



