206 The Art of Dyeing. 



Both tin mordants printed upon it discharge a pure yellow. 



Solution of chloride of lime forms brown spots. 



Remark. A similar yellow-green, but more permanent 

 which gives a clearer yellow when discharged by tin mor- 

 dants, is obtained by means of the same mordant, by dyeing 

 in a solution of Persian berries. 



Light green-yellow is produced by 2 lbs. of berries to 24 

 lbs. mordanted cloth, and dark green-yellow by 4 lbs. 

 berries and 24 lbs. mordanted cloth. 



BROWN-RED FROM ALUMINA AND IRON MORDANT WITH MADDER. 



A light shade is produced by impregnating first with 

 a solution of alum, (10 lbs. alum in 600 lbs. water,) pressing 

 and then rinsing equably. It should then be treated in the 

 same way with a solution of iron alum (10 lbs. iron alum in 

 600 lbs. water). A dark colour is formed by first dyeing the 

 calico impregnated with alum mordant. No. 1,'red, impreg- 

 nating it with the solution of iron alum (10 lbs. iron alum in 

 300 lbs. water) pressing it and washing it uniformly. The 

 light colour requires the following : 24 lbs. mordanted cloth, 

 4 lbs. Avignon madder, 12 lbs. bran ; the dark colour, 24 lbs. 

 mordanted cloth, 20 lbs. Avignon madder, and 60 lbs. bran. 



The madder and bran are first boiled with a small quan- 

 tity of water ; then more is added ; the dyeing performed 

 gradually, and lastly, terminated at a boiling temperature. 



Properties of Madder brown-red. — Boiling with soap-suds 

 for 4 hours produces only a slight alteration on the dye. 

 Light and air have but an inconsiderable action, and lime- 

 water is in a similar predicament. 



Ammonia and vinegar have no action. 



Lime-juice forms light yellow spots which ammonia com- 

 pletely dissolves. 



Tin mordants, Nos. 1 and 2, discharge yellow-red. 



Solution of chloride of lime makes whitish spots without 

 bleaching completely. 



EXHIBITION OF THE ALUM IN COMBINATION WITH COPPER MOR- 

 DANT PARTLY BEFORE, PARTLY AFTER THE DYEING. 



When alum and sulphate of copper are dissolved together 

 and precipitated by sugar of lead, a useful mordant is not 

 obtained. The acetate of copper spreads unequally over 



