348 Mr. P. Cooper on Capillary Attraction^ 



simultaneously, from the negative surface of A, through the 

 conductor, to the positive surface of F, from the negative 

 surface of B to the positive surface of A, from the negative 

 surface of C to the positive surface of B, from the negative 

 surface of D to the positive surface of C, from the negative 

 surface of E to the positive surface of D, and from the 

 negative surface of F to the positive surface of E ; so that 

 the actual quantity of light between these bodies will be 

 constantly the same, but differently distributed upon the 

 contiguous surfaces. 



This is the foundation of galvanism ; if we suppose the 

 series ABC, &c., to be formed of alternate plates of zinc 

 and copper, the zinc supplying the place of the atoms of 

 oxygen, and the copper those of the atoms of hydrogen, upon 

 connecting the positive surface of F with the negative surface 

 of A, the light will flow through the conductor from A to 

 F to complete the increased derangement of these surfaces, 

 arising from the removal of resistance and their inductive in- 

 fluence upon each other. But the light which flows through 

 the conductor, so far from circulating through the whole 

 of the series, is only what is required to produce an equi- 

 librium between the exterior surfaces of the first section of 

 atoms upon the surfaces of the end plates ; every other 

 section of atoms in the interior of these plates, and through- 

 out the series, being brought into the same state by an 

 equal transfer between contiguous surfaces, in the manner 

 we have already described. Upon breaking the communi- 

 cation between A and F, the plates return to their previous 

 state, and are thus prepared to repeat the operation when 

 the conductor is re-placed. 



The great disparity in the lifting and sustaining power 

 of electro-magnets arises from the reduction of the derange- 

 ment of the magnet, when the circuit is interrupted by the 

 removal of the armature, upon the principles here stated. 



In consequence of the great increase of force derived 

 from the completion of the polar circuit, bodies in a state 

 of derangement are constantly disposed to produce the 

 necessary communication between their opposite surfaces, 

 through the medium of intermediate bodies, although they 

 may be very inferior conductors. The magnetic curves 

 formed in the air, and rendered visible by means of iron 



