British Association. 377 



Esq. — Secretaries, W. Sanders, Esq., S. Stutchbury, Esq., T. J. 

 Torrie, Esq., (^For Geofjraj)htj)F. Harrison, Rankin, Esq. — Com- 

 7nittee, H. T. De la Beche, Esq., M. Van Breda, — Came, Esq., 

 Penzance, Edward Charlesworth, Esq., Major Gierke, Lord Cole, 

 Rev. William Conybeare, Rev. William Hopkins, Robert Hutton, 

 Esq., Boscowen Ibbotson, Esq., Rev. T. T. Lewis, James Macadam, 

 Esq., Sir George Mackenzie, M. Van der Melen, Lord North- 

 ampton, Professor Parigot, Professor Phillips, Professor Sedgwick, 

 William Smith, Esq., John Taylor, Esq., Dr. William West, Samuel 

 Worsley, Esq., Rev. James Yates. 



Monday/, 227id Aug^ist. — 1. The first paper at this Section was 

 read by Edward Charlesworth, Esq., entitled " A Notice of the 

 Vertibrated Animals in the Crags of Norfolk and Suffolk." 



The author's principal object in bringing forward this subject, was 

 to establish the fact, of the remains of mammiferous animals being 

 associated with the mollusca of the tertiary beds above the London 

 clay, in the Eastern Counties of England. These remains are con- 

 fined to a part of the Crag formation, which appears to extend from 

 Cromer in Norfolk, to within a few miles of Albro', in Suffolk. 

 The bones of fish, and a large proportion of the testacea, that are met 

 with in this stratum, differ widely from those in the coralline beds, 

 and from that part of the clay deposit which skirts the southern 

 coast of Essex and Suffolk. Among the mammalia, which the 

 author stated really to belong to the Crag, is the Mastodon angus^ 

 tidens, of which several teeth have recently been obtained in^Norfolk, 

 from localities adjoining the parish of Withingham, the spot in which 

 Dr. W. Smith states the specimen to have been found, which is 

 figured in his " Strata identified." 



The author next noticed the discovery of the mineralized remains 

 of birds, which he had obtained from several Crags in the same 

 district. 



Among the fish, the most remarkable is the Charcarias Megalodon, 

 the teeth of which are found in Suffolk, equalling in size the speci- 

 mens brought from the tertiary formations of Malta. 



No traces of the existence of Reptilia have yet been detected in 

 the clay, which would rather support the opinion, that the climate 

 during the Crag epoch was analogous to that of the Polar regions. 



It appeared to him, that the whole town of Cromer stood on a 

 chalk pebble. He hesitated to name the circumstance to any geolo- 

 gist, but some time afterwards he submitted it to Dr. Buckland, 

 who confirmed his view of it. He should be glad to know if any 

 gentleman had paid attention to the subject ; and should any one 

 visit Norfolk, it would be desirable to ascertain if there was any con- 

 nexion between the town of Cromer and the stratum, or whether it 

 stands on a detached mass. 



Mr. Murchison, said he had come to a different conclusion, as to 

 the great pebble on which the town was supposed to stand. In 

 LyelT's book there are two little sections of that district, by which it 

 is clearly made out, that the chalk rises up from the stratum in 

 immense masses. In conclusion, he begged to compliment Mr. 

 Charlesworth on his interesting paper. 



