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with some resemblance to a cairn ; these layers of stone were 

 followed to some distance, but yielded no results. The arrange- 

 ment of the tumuli and the discovery of the vase could leave 

 no doubt that they were of British origin. 



The line of tumuli thus examined extends across a consider- 

 able portion of the east Wolds, from Acklam to Huggate and 

 to Arras, if that place can be included in the series. This 

 district certainly formed part of an extensively populated 

 Brigantian territory, which had its boundaries much farther 

 northward and eastward ; and traces of its ancient inhabitants 

 are abundantly left in the numerous earthworks consisting of 

 trackways, dykes, and barrows. The part, from its elevated 

 situation, supply of herbage and water, and vicinity to the sea 

 coast, was one well calculated to supply all the simple wants 

 of a rude people. The well marked line of double dykes 

 extending from Acklam to beyond Huggate, may be looked 

 upon as belonging to the class of rural fortifications to some of 

 which the Romans gave the name of Oppida; constructions 

 required by a people leading a pastoral life, who dwelt within 

 the bounds of entrenchment surrounded by forests, and adopted 

 at a period later than the mere pits and rings. 



The barrows vary much in size, from a slight elevation to 

 upwards of 12 or 14 feet. With regard to the materials of which 

 they are composed, considerable uniformity prevails : the sur- 

 rounding flints and rubble form the greater part of the mounds, 

 sometimes intermixed with clay; and, in by far the larger 

 number of cases, this substance was found about the spot of 

 interment and bottoms of cairns. Though this clay is found in 

 great quantity below the chalk, in some instances it must have 

 been transported from a considerable distance to the barrow. 

 Beyond flint arrow heads and a few ornaments of bone, the 

 number of articles discovered in the tumuli have been few. 

 The quantity of pottery has been large, with every character of 

 early British manufacture. The determination of the period of 

 this Brigantian district is almost entirely a matter of specu- 

 lation, but there are, nevertheless, some facts which may guide 

 to an approximation respecting their age. Supposing the whole 



