J"an. 13. 1855.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



31 



intrusted with higher and more extensive commands, the 

 word general is added to their respective ranlvs, and the 

 titles are shortened in the following manner: captain- 

 major-general, lieutenant-coZoweZ-general, and colonel- 

 general." 



Does he mean that the major becomes a major- 

 general, the lieut.-colonel a lieut.-general, and 

 the colonel a general ? Surely not. 



At the risk of being tedious, I v?ill give an ex- 

 tract from the Queen's Regulations, which will 

 show what the colonel does become when intrusted 

 with a higher and more extensive command : 

 Command and Bank of Officers. 



" 3. Officers serving on the staff in the capacity of briga- 

 dier-generals, are to take rank and precedence from their 

 commissions as colonels in the army, and not from the 

 dates of their appointments as brigadiers." — P. 3. 



Thus we see the colonel intrusted with a higher 

 command is not a general officer ; he is not given 

 a higher commission, he is appointed to a supple- 

 mental grade in his own class as a colonel. The 

 army in the Crimea has afforded numerous in- 

 stances of colonels being appointed to brigades, 

 and subsequently gazetted to commissions as 

 major-generals ; that is, to the rank of a general- 

 7najor to the former titles of brigadier-generals, 

 oV in reality of colonels. The title may be con- 

 sidered as msi^OT-brigadier-genera.1 : 



" 5. Captains having the brevet-rank of field officers 

 are to do duty as field officers in camp and garrison ; but 

 they are to perform all regimental duties, according to 

 their regimental rank, agreeably to the established rules 

 of the service." — P. 3. 



Here again we see the captain jealously kept to 

 his own class as a company officer. 



The final inference I would therefore draw is, 

 that a major and a lieutenant being in distinct 

 classes, and having no intimate connexion with 

 each other, cannot be compared as can a lieutenant- 

 general and a major-general. The term major 

 implies only two persons under comparison : had 

 three been intended (the lieutenant, the captain, 

 and the major himself), the word would have 

 been maximus. 



1 hope that the foregoing will answer O. S. 

 with regard to the major-colonel he refers to. 



Page 1. of the Queens Regulations will show 

 Archdeacon Cotton that the term '■^captain- 

 general or field-marshal commanding the army," 

 is recognised though not used in the British army. 

 It means the general at the head (caput') of the 

 generals. R. A. 



THE PALiEOLOGI. 



(Vol. X., pp. 351. 409. &c.) 



Perhaps it may interest Sir J. E. Tennent and 

 the other contributors to " N. & Q." on the sub- 

 ject of the last of the Palaeologi, to know, that a 

 branch of that imperial house settled in Malta, 



and descendant?, in the female line, still exist, 

 and occupy an honourable position in society. It 

 appears by a pedigree, sufficiently proved by bulls 

 and grants of various popes and emperors, and 

 other documentary evidences, the enumeration of 

 which would occupy too much valuable space, 

 that Giorgio Palaeologus, sixth in descent from 

 Teodoro, Prince of Thebes and Corinth, third son 

 of the Emperor Manuel, settled in Malta about 

 the beginning of the seventeenth century. Maria 

 Palaeologus, daughter and heiress of this Giorgio, 

 married one Filippo Stafragi, and left an only 

 daughter, wife of a Roman patrician, Michaele 

 Wizzini. In the fourth generation this family 

 ended also in a daughter, Maria Wizzini- 

 Pala3ologo, who carried the imperial name and 

 blood into the family of the Counts Ciantar, a 

 Maltese race of some note and antiquity. The 

 great-granddaughter of this marriage espoused 

 Dr. Francesco Chapelle, one of the judges of her 

 Majesty's superior courts of law, and in her issue, 

 I believe, the representation of this branch of the 

 imperial house remains. 



I remember to have met in society, some years 

 ago, in London and Paris, a certain John Palseo- 

 logus, a Greek, and an oriental scholar of some 

 pretension, who claimed to be a scion of the im- 

 perial family. John o' the Forp. 



Having met with a passage respecting this 

 family in looking over A Survey of the Turkish 

 Empire, Sfc, by C. Eton (8vo. London, 1799), I 

 venture to transcribe it, upon the possibility that 

 it may possess some interest for your correspon- 

 dents under this head. At p. 373. of this work is 

 preserved a memorial, presented in April 1790 to 

 the Empress of Russia, by three deputies from the 

 Greek nation, in which these words occur : 



" Give us for a sovereign your grandson Constantine ; 

 it is the Avish of our nation (the family of our emperors is 

 extinct), and we shall become what our ancestors were." 



To this Mr. Eton adds the following note : 



" In Europe we are apt to think that those who bear 

 the names of Comnenos, Paleologos, &c., are descendants 

 of the imperial family ; the Greeks however, themselves, 

 have no such notions ; they are either christian names 

 given them at their baptism, or that they have taken 

 afterwards, and they only descend to the second genera- 

 tion. A man is called Nicolaos Papudopulo ; the former 

 is his name received in baptism, and the latter a surname, 

 because he was the son of a priest ; his sons take the 

 sni-name of Nicolopulo (son of Nicolaos) added to their 

 christian name, and the children the father's christian 

 name as a surname. Those of Fanar have, particularly 

 lately, affected to keep great names in their families, 

 which were only christian names, or names which they 

 have taken of themselves, or were afterwards given them 

 by their parents, relations, or friends. The same may be 

 said of some names in the Archipelago, particularly when 

 the family has preserved for some generations more pro- 

 perty than their neighbours ; but their names do not add 

 to their respect among the other Greeks, who all know 



