230 



KOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 282. 



three sinister hands in bend sinister, two in chief 

 and one in base, holding a dagger azure." The 

 modern coat is " Per chevron, argent and or, in 

 chief two sinister hands couped and erect gules, 

 in base a dagger in pale, point downwards, proper." 

 Crest, " a dexter hand holding a lance erect, all 

 ppr." Motto, " His Regi Servitium." 



Neilson of Maxwood. Arms as the last, with a 

 man's heart ppr. in the centre point for difference. 

 Crest, " a dexter hand holding a dagger ppr." 

 Motto, " Virtute et votis." 



Neilson of Craigean. "Argent, three sinister 

 hands, bend sinisterways, couped, two and one, 

 gules." T. Hughes. 



Chester. 



FIRST BOOK FEINTED IN NEW ENGLAND. 



(Vol. xi., p. 87.) 



Stephen Daye appears to have been the 

 original typographer to the Pilgrim Fathers, and 

 figures as " Printer to the College of Cambridge " 

 from 1639 to 1649 ; thirteen pieces being traceable 

 to him between the above dates, and among the 

 number two editions of the Metrical Psalms. 

 This I learn from Timperley, whose authority was 

 likely Thomas's History of Printing in America, 

 two vols. 8vo., 1810. The earliest date claimed 

 for the first impression of the Psalms being 1640 

 (not, as stated by Mb. Francis, 1646), it follows 

 that if there are specimens from Daye's press of 

 1639, their Old Psalter is not the first book 

 printed in America. Mr. Holland (Psalmists of 

 Britain, 1843), quoting from Mr. Prince, who re- 

 vised the old American version in 1757, says that 

 the settlers " early set to work to procure them- 

 selves a metrical translation of the Psalms, and 

 other Scripture Songs, into their mother tongue," 

 which was executed by the Rev. R. Mather, 

 T. Weld, and T. Eliot, printed by Daye in 1640, 

 " and had," adds this respectable authority, with- 

 out any qualification, " the honour of being the 

 first book printed in North America." Inde- 

 pendent of the question of priority, the American 

 Psalm-Book is an interesting subject, and its 

 history one which we ought to know something 

 more of. With the many versions our own Non- 

 conformists had to choose from, it appears that 

 this Transatlantic one suited their taste; and in 

 confirmation that It was in use among them in 

 Baxter's time, we find that " The Psalms, Hymns, 

 and Spiritual Songs of the O. and N. Testament, 

 for the use of New England," was printed at 

 London by R. Chiswell, 1694. The original 

 edition of 1640 is so rare a book, that it is said 

 Thomas could find but one copy, and that without 

 the title ; and it is added by Timperley, that a 

 perfect one exists in the Bodleian Library. 



The only specimen of the book which has fallen 



into my hands is a small octavo, in which the 

 " Psalms, Hymns," &c., are set forth as being 

 " Faithfully translated into English Metre. For 

 the Use, Edification, and Comfort of the Saints in 

 Publick and Private, especially in N. England. 

 Boston, printed by D. Henchman over against the 

 Brick Meeting House in Cornhil, 1730 (twenty- 

 third edition)," having a short address " To the 

 Godly Reader" on the back of the title. J. O. 



PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. 



Brnmo-iodide of Silver. — When I wrote mv last note- 

 on this subject, I said to Dr. Diamond, " If Mr. Leach- 

 man is not a chemist, I have given him an opportunity of 

 jumping to a conclusion." He makes the jump, ami, as 

 I now have him " in the narrow straits of advantage," I 

 will tell him a fact or two and bid him farewell. 



1. The 74 grains of iodide of potassium, used in hi-s 

 theoretical conversion of 80 grains of bromide of silver 

 into the iodide, would not be replaced by 74 grains of 

 bromide of potassium, but by 50 grains only, a smaller 

 quantity in the proportion of about 2 to 3 ; for, neglecting 

 tenths of grains, 33 grains of bromine derived from the 

 supposed decomposition of 80 grains of bromide of silver, 

 would combine with 17 grains of potassium set at liberty 

 by the supposed decomposition of 74 grains of iodide of 

 potassium. 



2. But bromide of potassium cannot be made to do duty 

 for iodide of potassium in dissolving iodide of silver, a 

 fatal fact for Mr. Leachman's theory; and Mr. Leach- 

 man ought to have ascertained this fact before asserting 

 that my experiments prove nothing at all. But liaving 

 made the mistake, he goes right at it, and not only says 

 that his equivalent proportion of bromide of potassium, 

 viz. 50 grains, will effect the solution of the precipitate of 

 iodide of silver, Avhicli his theory and not my experiment 

 forms, but also that its solvent power over this precipi- 

 tate is superior to that of iodide of potassium in tlie pro- 

 portion of about 3 to 2 ; since 50 grains of his theoretical 

 solvent is to do the work of 74 grains of my practical one. 

 By assertions of this kind, unsupported by experiment, 

 Mr. Leachman's unscientific readers will think tliat he 

 proves ever\'thing ; but he must dispose in some better 

 manner of my double-double solution before he can cry 

 quits. 



3. Bromide of silver " in a moist state acquires a gr&y 

 tint on exposure to light." (Brande.) This is a fact well 

 known to chemists. But Mr. Leachman not only ex- 

 pects that in a dry state it will be similarly acted upon, 

 but that bromo-iodide of silver will be blackened like the 

 chloride. I appeal to experiment. The slips of paper 

 which 1 send you are washed with bromo-iodide of silver, 

 bromide of silver thrown down upon the iodide, and pure 

 bromide. These have been exposed for many liours to 

 direct sunlight without any trace of change. The bromide 

 of silver exposed in a moist state has alone acquired a 

 delicate grey tint. 



4. Mr. Leachman has made one happy hit in presum- 

 ing that the portrait by Dr. Diamond was taken on col- 

 lodion, because taken on a dull December day (the bath, 

 says Dr. Diamond, had " an acid reaction ") ; and there- 

 fore he properly refuses to admit it as evidence of " the 

 advantage of the introduction of bromine into calotype 

 paper." 



But Dr. Diamond fights with a two-edged sword. He 

 not only hands in a December portrait as an illustration 

 of sensitive collodion, but also by his summer landscape, 



