40(y 



NOTES AND QUEEIES. 



[No. 291. 



appears to "be composed of leaves and pearlis upon 

 points, sometimes with the single arch, adorned 

 with little crosses placed saltire-ways, and the 

 coronet composed of crosses patonce, a larger and 

 a smaller alternately, for such upon a strict ex- 

 amination sometimes they wiU appear to be, 

 though at first sight they have the resemblance of 

 leaves, and sometimes they have the double arch. 

 The crown upon his great seal has crosses pate 

 and fleurs-de-lis like that of King Richard III., 

 but the arches more acute like that of King Ed- 

 ward IV. A crown of this fashion, but without 

 arches, is over the entrance of the screen or in- 

 closure of his famous tomb * in the chapel of his 

 name at Westminster. The crown on the head' of 

 his effigies is double-arched, composed of crosses 

 and fleurs-de-lis alternately, with lesser fleurs-de- 

 lis between ; the same is at the foot of the tomb, 

 both surmounted with the orb and cross. The 

 crown at the head of his tomb, instead of lesser 

 fleurs-de-lis, has lesser crosses between*. As to 

 the arches, Sandford's draught of his great seal 

 has one arch ; Speed's draught has two, and the 

 same diflerence appears upon his money. The 

 like is to be observed in the crowns of his prede- 

 cessors, by which it appears no certain form was 

 constantly observed, but from this time the arched 

 crown with crosses pate and fleurs-de-lis have 

 been used with very little variation, either upon 

 seals or coins, except upon the first money of 

 King Henry VIII. The crowns upon the eSigies 

 of the kings on the walls of Henry VII.'s chapel 

 at Westminster, were, as Selden thinks, all alike^ 

 and only fleuri with crosses, and the arched crown 

 then in use omitted as too troublesome, the cutter 

 choosing to make them handsome and alike, tlian 

 such as were proper for every king. Indeed, very 

 little regard is to be had to such representation 

 unless corroborated by other proofs. 



Henry VIH. upon his great seal has the arched 

 crown with crosses and fleurs-de-lis as his father, 

 and the same over two escocheons, viz. the cross 

 in front, two others at each end, and fleurs-de-lis 

 between. Upon his money the crown appears in 

 different forms, his first money with the half face 

 has usually the arched crown with leaves, and low 

 points with pearls ; a crown of the double rose has 

 leaves and fleurs-de-lis, and on the reverse of the 

 same coin leaves only, but most commonly the 

 crown upon his money is composed of crosses and 

 fleurs-de-lis, and generally with one arch f ; the 

 same difference appears upon his medals. A me- 



* The crown over his arms upon the tomb of' Ms- 

 mother the Countess of Richmond at Westminster, has 

 the double arch with crosses and fleurs-de-lis. 



■f" The crown over his arms upon the tomb of his grand- 

 mother, the Countess of Richmond, erected by this prince, 

 is double-arched, with crosses and fieurs-de-lis, and 

 lesser flowers between ; his father's upon the same tomb 

 having only crosses with fleurs-de-lis. 



dallibn in Evelyn, No. 2., has an open crown with 

 leaves, or ducal coronet, in the space behind his 

 head ; for upon his head he has a cap, and upon 

 the reverse is a coronet, with leaves and pearls 

 upon points between. Another famous medallion, 

 No. 4., struck upon his taking the title of Supreme 

 Head of the Church, has his head with a cap en- 

 compassed with a circle or diadem radiated with 

 small rays. 



Edward VI. has the same double-arched crown 

 upon his great seal as his father King Henry VIII., 

 and upon his money he has usually the same 

 fashioned crown with the single arch ; but there is 

 a sovereign of his sixth year whereon the treble 

 arch appears, and another whereon the crown 

 seems to be composed of leaves and crosses. 



Queen Mary has the same double-arched crown 

 upon her great seal as her brother King Ed- 

 ward VI., and her father and grandfather, Kings 

 Henry VII. and VIII. ; and the same upon her 

 money, except her sovereign in Evelyn, No. 7., 

 which he calls a ryal, which has leaves only ; and 

 her coins have usually the crown with the single 

 arch. 



Queen Elizabeth's great seal has the same 

 crown as her sister, brother, and father, with the 

 triple arch ; the same upon her monument at 

 Westminster, and upon her money. A sixpence, 

 157*J, has fleurs-de-lis and crosses with the double 

 arch, and the ryal, or noble^ has the old open 

 crown with three leaves. A medal in Evelyn,. 

 No. 9., has the crown with leaves only and the 

 double arch; another. No. 14., has crosses and 

 fleurs-de-lis; No. 16. has leaves and pearls upon 

 points with the treble arch, and No. 17. the same 

 with a single arch. 



King James I. has the same sort of treble- 

 arched crown upon his great seal as Queen Eliza- 

 beth, composed of crosses and fleurs-de-lis, and 

 the same upon his English money ; but upon his 

 money coined in Scotland the crown is composed 

 of fleurs-de-lis and crosses: there is an unite with 

 a crown of leaves only. The medal of Queen 

 Anne (Evelyn, No. 23.) has a coronet or open 

 crown, with three leaves and two C's indorsed 

 and interlinked, saltier-wise. 



King Charles I. used the same fashioned crown 

 as his father upon his great seal, with this difference 

 only, that his first great seal shovvs the triple arch ; 

 but his second great seal, having the date 1640, 

 has the double arch as it has been represented 

 ever since. His money has the same difference in 

 the crown as his father's, namely, those of Scot- 

 land having fleurs-de-lis and crosses instead of 

 crosses and fleurs-de-lis. The same difference is 

 observable upon his Scotch coronation medal; two 

 of the medals (Evelyn, Nos. 25. and 27.) have the 

 crown with crosses, fleurs-de-lis, and pearls upon 

 points between them. 



The usurper, OliverCl-omwell, likewise assumed 



