460 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 294* 



stands in Whalley's edition, together with a grave 

 comment on the errors of printers and tran- 

 scribers ! " After this disdainful notice of Whalley, 

 • he thus proceeds to enucleate the passage himself : 



" Catiline was so closely hemm'd in by Cicero's pre- 

 cautions, that he had not power to shake even a reed 

 belonging to the republic. This is the obvious sense of 

 the passage, which runs thus in the original : ' Commo- 

 vere te contra republican! non potuisse.' " 



The cotemporary meaning of the word reed will, 

 I imagine, explain the passage better. This Mr. 

 Gifibrd might have found in use, once at least by 

 Sbakspeare, and repeatedly by Spenser, or even 

 in Sternhold's Old Version of the 1st Psalm : 



" That man is blest who hath not lent 

 To vfickedi rede his ear." 



Reed, read, or rede (Rad, Sax.), counsel, decree 

 (Burk-rad, state-counsel), is here used for the 

 decree of the senate (senatus consulturri), which 

 armed the consuls with dictatorial power, and has 

 reference to a preceding passage : 



" We have that law still, Catiline, for thee ; 

 An act as grave as sharp : the state's not wanting, 

 Nor the authority of this senate ; we. 

 We that are consuls, only fail ourselves. 

 This twenty days the edge of that decree 

 We have let dull and rust ; kept it shut up. 

 As in a sheath, which drawn, should take thy head." 



A close translation this from Cicero : 



" Habemus senatus consultum in te, Catilina, vehemens 

 et grave : non deest reipublicae consilium, neque auctori- 

 tas hujus ordinis: nos, nos, dico aperte, nos consules 

 desumus." 



" Habemus enim hujusmodi senatus consultum, verun- 

 tamen inclusum in tabulis, tanquam gladium in vagina 

 reconditum : quo ex senatus consulto confestim interfec- 

 tum te esse, Catilina, convenit." 



W. L. Nichols. 



Bath. 



HOTES ON TREES AND FLOWEKS. 



Several Queries from time to time on this inte- 

 resting subject have appeared in " N. & Q.," re- 

 lative to books which treat of it ; and I am in 

 hope that the following Notes from a common- 

 place book may interest some of your readers, 

 and elicit much additional information from cor- 

 respondents who have more leisure and oppor- 

 tunities thari myself. 



Flowers and Trees dedicated to Deities. 



The pine-cone and sacred groTe of the Assyrian sculptures. 

 Oak, to Jupiter. Myrtle, to Venus. Poppy, to Ceres. Cypress, Maiden- 

 I.ily. to Juno. Dittany, to the Vine, to Bac- hair, to Pluto. 

 Xiaurel, to Apol- moon. chus. Olive, to Mi- 



lo. nerva. 



The Israelite had a grove of Baal, and the mo- 

 dern Hindoo offers flowers to Krishna. Boughs 

 were used in the Feast of Tabernacles. (Neb. viii. 

 15.) 



Flowers and Trees that hear the names of their original 

 home or first cultivator. 



Barberry, Damascus plum. 



Cherry. Rose. 



Tamarisk (Spanish Guelder rose. 



Tamarisci). Currant (Corinthus). 



Caraway (Caria). Virginia creeper. 



Tobacco (Tobacco, Japan rose. 



Yucatan). Provence rose. 



Persian lilac. China rose. 



Canary bell-flower, Cayenne. 



Flowers and trees have given, • 



Medic (Media). 

 Peach (Persia). 

 Dutch myrtle. 

 Dittany cDictamnu«>i 

 Tangier pea. 

 Marvel of Peru. , 



Jerusalem artichoke. 

 Cedar of Lebanon. 

 Dahlia. 



1. Surnames to Families or Persons. 



Holyoake. 



Holbeach. 



Hazlerigg. 



Heathcote. 



Bloomfield. 



Bromfleld. 



Ashburnham. 



Cieero. 



T.entulus. 



Piso. 



Bean. 



Pease. 



Pepper 



Elm. 



Beech. 



Champfleur. 



Du Fresne. 



Plantagenet. 



Castanos, the fa- 

 mous Spanish 

 general. 



Fabius. 



Wheatley. 



Thorn. 



Cressiugham. ; 



Cherry. 



Pear. 



Peach. 



Crabbe. 



2, Christian N^ames. 



Flora. Rosamund. Laura. Laurence. Stephen, 



Lilian. Viola. Susan (lily). Myrtillus. Oliver. 



Rhoda. Olivia. Sylvia. 



3. Names to Places. 



Carmel (God's vine- Orange River. 



yard). Rosetta. 



Harfleur. La Oliva. 



Appleby. Rosario. 



Oakham. The Gulf of RosaJ. 



Botany Bay. 



Phtenicia Cpalm-land). 



Susa (rosary). 



Sinai (bush). 



Rimmon (pomegra- 

 nate). 



Bethphage (house of Florida. 

 figs). Sevenoaks. 



4. Titles to Orders of Knighthood, Sfc. 



Oak, of Navarre. Amaranta, of Sweden. 



Lady of the Lily. And to the office of the Laureate. 



Broom flower in the husk, of And to a constellation, Robur Ca- 



France. roll. 



Ear of com, of Britany. And in the Roman Church to the 

 Thistle, of Scotland and Bourbon. Rosary. 



Lily, of Arragou and Navarre. And to Palm Sunday. 



5, Held Place in Heraldry. 



Oak. 

 Holly-leaves. 



Rose. 

 Fleur-de-lys. 



Columbine. 

 Pink. 



Gilly-flower. 

 Blue bottle. 



6. Have been adopted as National Emblems. 



Rose, by England. Giglio bianco, by Florence. 



Shamrock, by Ireland. Pomegranate, by Spain. 



Thistle, by Scotland. Linden, by Prussia. 



Leek, by Wales. Daisy, by Margaret of Anjou. 



Fleur-de-lys, by France. Violet, by Athens and Napoleon. 

 Mignonette, by the Counts of Bed and white rose, by Yorkist an3 

 Saxony. Lancastrian. 



7. Have been the Objects of curious Legends. 



Anemone, the tears of Venus for Adonis. 



Adonis, the metamorphosis of the boy killed by the boar. 



Laurel, the metamorphosis of the maiden pursued by Apollo. 



Daffodil, the metamorphosis of Narcissus. 



Hyacinth, the metamorphosis of Hyac'nthus. 



Heliotrope, the metamorphosis of Clytie adoring the sun. 



Poplars, the metamorphosis of sisters of Phaeton. 



Crocus, the metamorphosis of Crocus slain by Mercury s quoit. 



8. Have given rise to Parables, ^c. and Similes. 



Trees electing a king. 



Heath in the desert. 



Blossomina almond. 



Tree by the waters. 



Bulrush. 



Olive. 



Hyssop. 



Myrrh. 



Tares. 



Mustard tree. 



Lily. 



Reed shaken by the 



wind. 

 The flower. 

 The flag. 

 The budding fig. 



Corn sown. 



Tree of life. 



Willows by the water- 

 courses. 



Cedars of Lebanon. 



Oaksof Bashan. 



The green and dry 

 tree, &c. 



9. Have given Origin to many Embellishments of 

 Architecture. 



The palm-tree, pomegranate, and lily, in the Temple of Jerusalem. 

 The lotus, in the temples of Egypt. ^ . ., . , v ■ , . ^u 



The acanthus, springing round the urn of the C!orinthian's bride, to the 



Composite order. ■ _ , , ,„. , . ' 



The tree of Jesse, to the Gothic wmdows of Dorchester and Wmchoster, 



the porches of Beauvais, and the reredos of Christchurch. 



