IVo 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 279. 



In Mr. R. Chambers' History of the Rebellion of 

 1745-6, we find the Cardinal de York described 

 as " a mild, inoffensive man." We know that 

 ■when in 1747 he was made Cardinal, the exiled 

 Jacobites regarded his advancement as the final 

 destruction of their hopes. Many of them did 

 not scruple to " declare it of much worse conse- 

 quence to them than even the battle of CuUoden." 

 (Mahon's History of England, vol. ili. p. 349.) 

 From this time the Cardinal devoted himself to 

 church affairs. On his brother's death, in 1788, 

 the only steps he took towards declaring his title 

 to the English throne, was to have a declaration 

 read publicly, which had been prepared in 1784, 

 when Charles was thought to be dying; and a 

 medal struck, with the inscription, " Hen. ix. Ang. 

 Rex," with the addition " Dei Gratia, sed non 

 voluntate hominum." Surely the latter part of 

 this inscription must have sounded as a satire to 

 his ears, and to those of the adherents of his house 

 who still remained. 



Both Lord Mahon and Mr. Chambers consider 

 the Jacobite party as crushed by the battle of 

 Culloden. The executions on Tower Hill, and 

 the wholesale butchery on Kennington Common, 

 destroyed the strength of the friends of Charles, 

 although Jacobitism existed as a sentiment much 

 later. " But it became identified with the weak- 

 ness of old age." It was a thing of the past. 

 Tory rectors and country gentlemen were still 

 wont to toast Prince Charles, just as their fathers 

 had toasted the Chevalier St. George. They 

 were vehement in their abuse of the House of 

 Hanover, and in their admiration of the House of 

 Stuart, But we obtain a fair estimate of the 

 value of their good wishes in the case of Dr. John- 

 son. He confessed to Boswell that " the pleasure 

 of cursing the House of Hanover and drinking 

 King James's health was amply overbalanced by 

 3001. a year." 



It appears to me that the writer in Household 

 Words has confounded the lingering sentiment of 

 1788 (tlie date of Charles's death) with the active 

 partizanship of 1745. Until he can prove his case 

 against the " exemplary Cardinal," we must con- 

 sider his statements as overstrained. 



J. Virtue Wynen. 

 1. Portland Terrace, Dalston. 



I doubt, with R. C. C, the statement in House- 

 hold Words, but ask, What is the authority for 

 his own, that Cardinal York bequeathed his papers 

 to George III. ? I always understood that the 

 Cardinal bequeathed to George IV. the " George" 

 which had been worn by Charles I., and some 

 other crown jewels ; but surely the Stuart Papers 

 were purchased of the Abbe James Waters in or 

 about 1810? These Papers having been thus 

 incidentally referred to, I must draw attention to 



the fact, that for all historical purposes they might 

 just as well have been sunk in the sea as buried 

 in the Queen's library. Some years since (1847) 

 one octavo volume was published ; and we were 

 told by the editor that the collection contained 

 letters and documents "of great importance" to 

 the elucidation of history ; but he deferred any 

 detailed account until the publication of " James' 

 own correspondence." Not a single volume has 

 been since published. How is this? The more 

 or less sale — the more or less profit or loss — is too 

 trifling to weigh either way. If the labour of 

 arranging, preparing, annotating, be too great for 

 the editor, let the papers be deposited in the 

 Museum, and I cannot doubt that we should have 

 them published forthwith. C. Y. 



PKOGEESSIVE GEOGBAPHT. 



(Vol. xi., p. 146.) 



A Student of History will find all the in- 

 formation he requires in the Atlas Geographiqiie, 

 Astronomique et Historique, servant a V intelligence 

 de THistoire ancienne, du Moyen Age et moderne, 

 et a la Lecture des Voyages les plus recens, by 

 G. Heck, fol., Paris, 1842. This Atlas, a copy of 

 which I possess, consists of sixty-five maps, all 

 executed in the most finished style of engraving, 

 and truly admirable as a work of art. To give 

 your correspondent some idea of the contents of 

 this valuable series, I will enumerate the maps 

 comprised under the head of France, stating at 

 the same time, that he will find the geography of 

 all other countries, ancient and modern, equally 

 detailed in this excellent Atlas. The maps num 

 bered 23, 25, and 26, give respectively : — 23 

 France at the death of Louis the Young (1180) 

 France after the Treaty of Bretigny (1364) 

 France after the expulsion of the English (1461) 

 France at the end of the reign of Francis I. 

 (1546). — 25. France under Louis XIV. (1700) 

 France under the Consulate, after the Treaty of 

 LunevIUe (1803). — 26. The states of Central 

 Europe at the time of the greatness of the French 

 Empire (1813). All these maps, be It observed, 

 are exclusive of those which relate to modern 

 France, which alone comprise six maps. With 

 respect to Poland, the "Carte comparative des 

 Etats de I'anclenne Pologne" will supply every 

 geographical particular with regard to that unfor- 

 tunate and ill-used country which A Student of 

 History can desire to know. In short, this valu- 

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 the geographical position, but the historical pro- 

 gress, of the entire globe : and if your correspon- 

 dent can succeed in obtaining a copy of It, I am 

 sure he will agree with me in thinking it a perfect 



