232 



EECEEATIVE SCIENCE. 



Pull and other Faces. — A full round 

 face, with, large mouth, small eyes and nose, 

 should be taken in half profile, so as to. show 

 one side of the face in full, with very little of 

 the other side. A moderately full face, with 

 aquiline nose and handsome mouth and eyes, 

 should be taken in three-quarter profile. A 

 countenance with strongly -marked features, 

 full in front. 



POE TWIK PoETEAITS AKD PaMILY 



GrEOXJPS. — When two persons are to be por- 

 trayed together, one should lean lightly on 

 the chair of the other, and the faces of both 

 be turned partly to each other, as in con- 

 versation. Or they may be placed at a table 

 opposite each other, in the same attitiide of 

 conversation. In arranging family groups, 

 care should be taken to place the several per- 

 sons constituting the group at the same focal 

 distance. 



Attitxjde and Deess op the Ladies. 

 — In the case of taking the portraits of ladies, 

 the addition of a shawl or boa, thrown lightly 

 over the shoulders so as to hide defects (if 

 any) and distribute light and shadow, are 

 recommended as tending to produce a plea- 

 sant impression. Yellow and red in dress 

 should be avoided, plain coloured dresses, 

 neither too light nor too dark, furnishing the 

 most pleasing pictures. 



POETEAITS IN THEIE 1«[aTUEAL CoLOUES. 



— The desideratum of obtaining portraits and 

 pictures in all their natural colours has long 

 been sought for, as the one thing only wanting 

 to give to photography that perfection to 

 which other arts and processes have attained. 

 Many experiments, but hitherto with unsuc- 

 cessful results, have been made to fix and 

 transfer to the photographic plate or paper, 

 not alone the lineaments, but the latent 

 colour of the eye, and of the complexion, and 

 the dress. Mr. HUl, an American, is re- 

 ported, however, to have discovered a pro- 

 cess which developed certain phenomena, im- 

 pressing him with the conviction that the 

 thing was possible. Mr. Hill, who has given 



to his process the title of the *' HiUotype," 

 states that in the course of his experiments 

 one colour, the " red," in the figure of a vest- 

 ment, developed itself brightly. He found, 

 further, that the vapour arising from metals, 

 such as arsenic, cadmium, zinc, selenium, bis- 

 muth, potassium, and sodium, possessed the 

 power of developing latent images with their 

 lights and shades. The same result was 

 obtained with different gases. On one occa- 

 sion he obtained "a perfect impression in 

 colours, and in January, 1851, forty-five 

 designs, with all the different colours in per- 

 fect gradations. Mr. Hill's process, how- 

 ever, has not been brought into practice, 

 and hence it must be viewed as rather pro- 

 blematical or mythical as a matter of actual 

 accomplishment. 



The United States Senate and Mb. 

 Hill's Discoveey. — A report on Mr. Hill's 

 process was presented to the senate of the 

 United States by the Committee of Patents, 

 who stated that they had had explained to 

 them the history and principle of the inven- 

 tion, of which numerous specimens had been 

 laid before them, and they were of opinion 

 that the inventor had solved the problem of 

 photographic colourations. Mr. Hill had 

 arrived at this discovery, by which the works 

 of Nature might be copied in their original 

 hues, through three years of persevering 

 toil, though the discovery had yet to be per- 

 fected in its practical details. They recom- 

 mend that the maker be placed on the 

 records of the senate, and consider the dis- 

 covery as one of great prospective utility 

 and importance as aifecting portraits, land- 

 scapes, botany, morbid anatomy, mineralogy, 

 conchology, aboriginal history, and paintings. 

 A claim to the discovery has since been set 

 up in Prance. 



PiXINa AND CoLOtTEINQ- PoETEAITS AND 



PiCTtJEEs. — It is very well known that some 

 of the best and most beautiful portraits and 

 pictures are found to fade, and consequently 

 a large amount of attention has been given 



