362 



INDEX. 



Buttercup, botanical characteristics of, 53. 



Butterfly, the first, 283. 



Butterflies, larvae of on nettle, 79 ; metamorphoses of, 80. 



CABiifET: of mosses, 210; coins, 45,100; coinfac-similes, 279 

 collection of dried fungi, 65 ; to remove grease from en 

 tomological specimens, 142 ; specimens of dried fungi, 65 

 diatoms dried on talc, and mounted in Canada balsam, 70 _ 

 flints of upper chalk formation, 113 ; dried and mounted 

 mosses, 209 ; microscopic plant-crystals, 246 ; value of old 

 English coins, 252 ; specimens of coal in sections for, 

 344. 

 Cactus opuntia, crystals of, 243. 



Cage-birds, comparative value of, 302; winter treatment, 93. 

 Cafamander wood of Ceylon, 63. 

 Californian trees, 64. 

 Calendar of Nature, 150. 

 Cambium, or inner bark of trees, 63. 

 Camera for photography, 337. 

 Cancer pagurus, or common crab, 98. 

 Candle, experiment with, 173. 

 Candle-heat, propagation by, 324. 

 Candle, or cannel coal, 347. 

 Cannabis sativa, history of, 293. 

 Caoutchouc-tree, 63. 

 Carboniferous strata, plants of, 234. 

 Carrot-root, raphides of, 243. 



Car, triumphal, represented on ancient coins, 45, 100. 

 Casuarius Benettu, 41. 

 Catalepsy produced by resin of hemp, 296. 

 Catalogue of all the recorded comets, 195, 247, 234, 321. 

 Caterpillars that feed on the nettle, physiology of, 80. 

 Catk us, forms of, 318. 

 Cattle, new, 224. 

 Celts in the drift, 216. 

 Chalk-cliffs at Isle of Wight, 126 ; how formed and how 



destroyed, 38. 

 Chalk, flints of upper series, 113 ; fossils of, 148. 

 ChameMon fluid experiment, 174. 

 Chemical phenomena of thermal springs, 328. 

 Chemical theory of volcanoes, 257. 

 Chemicals required for photography, 338. 

 Chemistey : Silica and silicates, 29, 109, 113, 201 ; expan- 

 sion of metal, 103 ; chemical principles of photography, 

 187, 231, 336 ; experiments in chemical affinity, 172 ; 

 efflorescence, 216 ; chemistry of the aquarium, 227 ; mi- 

 croscopic plant crystals, 244 ; practical electrotypy, 275 ; 

 jwtive properties of hemp, 294; solvent for dry paint, 

 323 ; combining properties of lead, 350 ; electric illumi- 

 nation, 360. 

 Chloroxylon Swietenia, 63. 

 Chromascope for observing rotary colours, 176. 

 Chromatypes, clock-work, 175. 

 Chrysalis, physiology of, 81. 

 Cidaris clavigera, 117. 



Cilia, universaUty of, 314; oscillatoria, 156; vorticella, 311. 

 Cinephantic colour-top, 251. 

 Cingulum of diatoms, 88. 

 Circulatory system of sponges. 111. 

 Clefs, musicfd, 192. 

 Clifis undermined by frost, 128. 

 CUsiocampa neustria, a nocturnal moth, 28. 

 Clock-work chromotypes, 175. 

 Closterium lunula, 311, 314. 



Coal and coniferous wood under the microscope, 343. 

 Coal, geology of, 233, 343. 

 Coating for plaster easts, 323. 



Coins : consecratio coins of Eoman emperors and their 

 famiUes, 45, 100 ; coins of Seleucidae Kings of Syria, 204 ; 

 Northwick collection of, 208 ; EngUsh copper coinage, 252. 

 Coleoptera necrophora and necrodes, 308. 

 Collecting microscopic pond specimens, 310. 

 Collodion process, 190 ; of photography, 338. 

 Coi/OTJE, efiects of rotation on, 89 ; studies of by colour- 

 top, 90; Chevreul's researches, 90; isochronous vibra- 

 tions, 91 ; harmonies of, 92 ; clock-work chromotypes, 

 175 ; patterns for, 177 ; analysis of, 178 ; review of 

 Chevreul's work on, 238 ; optical delusions in, 240, 251 ; 

 cinephantic colour-top, 251. 

 Coloured flames, to produce, 174. 



CotouE-TOP, Gorham's kaleidoscopic, 89; Groodchild's clock- 

 work, 175 ; Hunt's cinephantic, 251. 



Colours in photography, 232. 



Combustion, chemistry of, 257. 



Comets : that of 1680 probably figured on a Eoman coin, 

 48 ; the expected great comet, 139 ; that of 1264, 139 ; 

 expected in August, 1860, 139 ; catalogue of those whose 

 orbits have been computed, 195, 247, 284, 321. 



Complementary colours, 240. 



Concretions, crystalline, in plants, 243. 



Conductors, lightning, 288. 



Coniferous wood under microscope, 343. 



Confervoid growths in aquaria, 227. 



Conjunction, planetary, of February 21, 1859, 227. 



Consecratio coins of Koman emperors, 45. 



Contraction of metal, 104. 



Contrasts of colour, 239. 



Cooling of the earth ; at what rate does it take place, 330. 



Copper coinage, English, 252. 



Cornish mines, thermal springs of, 328. 



Coscinodiscus, one of the diatomaoeae, 86. 



Cosmise pyralina, a nocturnal moth, 27. 



Cosmical phenomena, an argument for internal heat of 

 earth, 328. 



Cotopaxi, force of its eruptions, 258. 



Cotton-trees of California, 64. 



Crabs and lobsters, exuviation of, 97 ; the shell a nidus for 

 oysters, 99. 



Craigleith-tree, texture of, 347. 



Cristellaria lanceolata, 148. 



Crumb of bread sponge, 110. 



Crustacea, oyster-covered, 96 ; exuviation of, 97. 



Crustacean fossils, 146. 



Crust of earth, thickness of, 330. 



Crystalline rocks, the product of igneous action, 254, 

 326. 



Crystallization, instantaneous, 174. 



Crystals in plant-cells, 243. 



Cube, geometry of, 271. 



Cuckoo, how many eggs does it lay, 72. 



Cultivation of hemp, 293. 



Cupel, use of, in smelting lead, 352. 



Cupid and the butterfly, 83. 



Cyclolina cretaeea, 148. 



Cyclonic storms, 180. _ , 



Cymatopleura solea, 87. 



Cystolithes, a form of raphides, 245. 



Cystopteris fragiUs, 76. 



Dagueeeeottpe, 190. 



Daphne, the asteroid, its discovery, 4. 



Davy, Sir Humphry, photographic experiments, 189. 



Death a teacher and a servant, 230. 



Decay, presence of fungus during, 356. 



Decompositions in electrotypy, 277. 



Dentahna elegans, 148. 



Determination of latitude, 265. 



Developing a collodion photograph, 339. 



Diadema depressa fossil, 116. 



Diaphragm for electrotyping, 278. 



Diatoms, how to gather them, 7 ; apparatus for, 7 ; the 

 hunting-ground, 8 ; marine species, 8 ; assortment of 

 specimens, 9 ; terrestrial examples, 9 ; preparation of for 

 microscope, 69 ; motions of, 69 ; determination of species, 

 70 ; mounting of specimens, 70 ; what is a diatom ? 85 ; 

 structure of physiology, 86 ; multiplication of, 87 ; vulgare 

 described, 88. 



Discs seen in fossil conifers, 346. 



Dromaius Austrahs, 41. 



Drying fungi, 65 ; ditto mosses, 209. 



Dry paint, solvent for, 323. 



Duration of human Mfe, 180. 



Eagle, use in pagan ceremonies, 102. 



Eaeth, motion of, eifect on light of celestial bodies, 122 ; 

 internal heat of, essay on, 253, 325 ; shadow of, projected 

 into space, 280 ; structure of crust of, 325. 



Earthquakes, geographical distribution of, 255. 



Ebony, a coloured wood, 63, 



Echinus, fossil in flint, 116. 



