Fossil Species of Qiiadrumanafrom the Sewdlik Hills. 39 



Anoplotherium, The fossil canine must therefore have be- 

 longed to one of these. It were needless to point out its dif- 

 ference from the human canine, which does not rise above 

 the level of the molars. In all the species of JJnoplotherium 

 described by Cuvier, the canines, while in a contiguous series 

 with the molars, do not project higher than these, being ru- 

 dimentary, as in man. Of the Sewalik species, Anoplothe- 

 rium poste?'ogenium (nob.), we have not yet seen the canines ; 

 but it is very improbable, and perhaps impossible, that the 

 fossil could belong to it. For if this species had a salient 

 canine, it must have been separated from the molars by an in- 

 terval, as in the other Pachydermata ; otherwise the jaws 

 would get locked by the canines and molars, and the lateral 

 motion required by the structure of the teeth, and its herbi- 

 vorous habit, would be impracticable ; and if there was this 

 interval, the upper canine could not have the posterior facet 

 of wear. The fossil canine must therefore have belonged to 

 a quadrumanous animal. This inference is further borne out • 

 by the detrition of the fossil exactly corresponding with that 

 of the canines of old monkeys. 

 The dimensions are: — 



Length of the fragment of canine . . 1*75 inches^ 

 Antero-posterior diameter at the base . '8 

 Transverse ditto . ,. . . . •? 

 Width of the anterior facet of wear . -6* 



The two diameters are greater than those of the canine of 

 the Sumatra Orang-otang described by Dr. Clarke Abel* as 

 having been 1\ feet high. The Cynocephali have large and 

 stout canines, more so comparatively than the other QiiadrU" 

 mana. But to what section of the tribe our fossil belonged, 

 we have not a conjecture to offer. We may remark, how- 

 ever, that the tooth is not channeled on three sides at the 

 base, as in the Entellus. Does the fossil belong to the same 

 species as the jaw discovered by Messrs. Baker and Durand, 

 or to a larger one ? 



Note by the Editor of the Journal of the Asiatic Society, 

 — We have sketched" Dr. Falconer's highly curious fos- 

 sil tooth in position with the lower jaw of the Sumatran 

 Orang-otang from the Society's Museum, in fig. C [of PI. 

 II.] There is a third facet of wear at the lower extremity 

 d, which on reference we find Dr. Falconer attributes, like c, 

 to attrition against the first molar, being observable, he says, 

 in many aged animals. The worn surfaces c and d are uni- 

 formly polished, and have evidently originated from attrition 

 against a tooth ; but with regard to the principal facet b, we 



* Asiatic Researches, vol. xv. p. 498 ; [or Phil. Mag. and Annals, N. S. 

 vol. i. p. 219.] 



