Fossil Species of Quadrumana from the Sewalik liills. S5 



less perfect, belonging to the lower jaws of two species, both 

 smaller than Messrs. Baker and Durand's fossil. These we 

 shall now proceed to notice. 



The principal specimen is represented in fig. 1 . [PI. I.] It 

 consists of both sides of the lower jaw ; a great portion of the 

 right half is entire, with the whole series of molars ; the left 

 half is broken off to the rear of the antepenultimate molar. 

 The two middle incisors are present, and also the left canine 

 broken across at its upper third. The right canine and the 

 lateral incisors had dropt out, leaving but the alveoli. The 

 molars of the left side are destroyed down to the level of the 

 jaw. The right ramus is wanting in more than half its width, 

 together with the articulating and coronoid processes, and a 

 portion of the margin at the angle of the jaw is gone. The 

 specimen is a black fossil, and strongly ferruginous ; the spe- 

 cific gravity about 2*70. It was incased in a matrix of hard 

 sandstone, part of which is still left adhering to it. 



The jaw had belonged to an extremely old animal. The 

 last molar is worn down so as to have lost every trace of its 

 points, and the three teeth in advance of it have been reduced 

 to hollo wed-out discs, encircled by the external plate of ena- 

 mel. The muscular hollow on the ramus for the insertion of 

 the temporal muscle is very marked, being *S5 inches deep 

 upon a width of '55, 



The dimensions contrasted with those of the Langoor or 

 Semnopithecus Entellus and the common Indian monkey, or 

 Pithecus Rhesus, are as follow : — 



Dimensions of the Lower Jaw. 





■5 S 



11 



2 w 



3 3 



to Z. 





1. Extreme length from the anterior"! 



margin of the ramus to the mid- \ 

 die incisors J 



2. Extreme length of jaw (calculated ) 



in the fossil) j 



3. Height of jaw, under the second 1 



molar measured to the margin of V 

 the alveoli J 



4. Ditto at the rear molars 



5. Depth of symphysis 



6. Space occupied by the molars 



7. Interval between the first molars . . 



8. Antero-posterior diameter of thel 



canine / 



9. Width of jaw behind the chin un- 1 



der the second molar J 



inches. 

 3-6 



5-3 



1-35 



1-2 



1-9 



2-3 



•9 



•5 

 115 



inches. 



2-85 



105 



11 

 1-4 

 1-9 

 •75 



•4 

 1-05 



inches. 

 2-5 



3-6 



•85 



•95 

 M 

 1-5 



•65 



•3 

 •95 



3-2 

 3-02 



4 31 



3-6 

 3- 



4 33 



4 3-2 



4 3-2 



4 3^7 



