Geological Society, 285 



On the shore near the point where the road descends towards the 

 rock or islet of Lihou, on the east of Guernsey, may be seen a sec- 

 tion, in which, above the present high-water mark, the granite rock 

 bears evident marks of having been worn by the action of the waves, 

 previously to the deposition on it of a bed of gravel, which now 

 covers the granite and fills up the inequalities of its surface. The 

 gravel, which is firmly bound together by a ferruginous sand, consists 

 of pebbles of the neighbouring rocks, also of chalk flints, some not 

 much rounded, and extends to about 8 feet above the present high- 

 water mark, and apparently ranges a little inland. On the gravel is 

 a bed, about 3 feet thick, of disintegrated granite, mixed with angu- 

 lar fragments of that rock, and covered by the surface soil. 



On the N. W. of the island, near Fort Doyle, there occurs, near the 

 shore, a similar bed of gravel, aboutSfeet above high-water mark, rest- 

 ing on the surface of the syenitic rocks of a low cliff, which bears evi- 

 dent signs of disturbance from subterranean agency. Here the gravel, 

 previously lying upon the rock, has fallen into and filled up the fissures 

 which have been created, and has even been forced under some parts of 

 the rock, which seem still to be in connexion with their original masses. 



In St. Catherine's Bay, Jersey, the author also observed a section 

 which affords evidence, though to a small extent, of an elevation of 

 the old beach. 



The author then calls attention to a fact regarding the elevation 

 of land bordering on the Baltic, which he conceives has not before 

 been noticed. On the coast of Jutland, near Frederickshavn (not 

 far from the Scaw), the author observed, that the country abounded 

 with sepulchral tumuli, except on a low and extensive tract bordering 

 the sea, where none occurred. He therefore supposes, that the latter 

 has been elevated since the period when the above mode of burial 

 was disused in that country, which he believes was about the eighth 

 or ninth century*. 



The author concludes his letter with some account of a visit paid 

 to Porto d'Anzio (the ancient Antium), and of some extensive ter- 

 tiary (pliocene) beds found there. These deposits form cliffs about 

 50 feet high, and contain numerous shells, but little altered, and 

 apparently of the same species as those now inhabiting the neigh- 

 bouring sea. Pecten Jacobmis and P. opercularis, not at all water- 

 worn, are the most numerous, often forming considerable beds in a 

 loose or indurated calcareous sand. The dip of the strata is consi- 

 derable and to the south-east. The deposit may b^ traced some 

 way into the interior, and to elevations of 200 or 300 feet above the 

 sea, where there are quarries worked in ancient times; and on the 

 east to Nettuno, about a mile and a half from Antium, at which point 

 the upper beds rise to the surface. Passing thence to the west, and 

 beyond Antium, lower beds successively crop out for about a mile, 



• A similar inference was drawn by Dr. Forchhammer with respect to 

 Bornholm in a paper "On some changes of level during the historical period 

 in Denmark", read May 31, 1837. See Proceedings of Geological Society, 

 vol. ii. p. 555, or L.& E. Phil. Mag., vol. xi. p. 310. 



