187 



Lissanota murina, Grav. The male, on the 23rd of April, from the pupa of 

 Noctua gothica, and the female, on the 7th of May, from the same. 



Bassus ornatus, Grav. The male from caterpillars of Noctua Chenopodii 

 found on Salsola kali on the sea shore, in September, the parasite mak- 

 ing its way out before the caterpillar could fully change into the pupa. 

 Each appeared to be destroyed by only one, and some of the ichneumons 

 formed even an earthy envelope like that contracted by the moth. 



Pimpla rufata, Grav. In the autumn from pupae of Vanessa Urtic&, and in 

 the summer from pupae of Sphinx Ligusiri which had over-wintered. 



Exetastes clavator, Fab., and E. osculatorius, Grav. From the very similar 

 pupae formed by larvae which had fed upon caterpillars of Noctua olera- 

 cea. 



Campoplex diffbrmis, Grav. Female, in June, from the pupa of Tortrix 

 Ameriana. 



pugillator. On the 24th of May from the pupa of Geometra ob- 



scurata, and on the fifth of June from the pupa of Noctua marginata 

 and that of Geometra brumata. 



These, they think, may also be specifically or sub-specifically different. 



Campoplex capricornis. Males and females in number from larvae which had 

 preyed gregariously upon immature caterpillars of Noctua typhoe, which 

 they deserted in June, enveloping and transferring themselves within the 

 leaves of plants. 



Paniscus glaucopterus, Grav. Prom the pseudo caterpillar of Cimbex femo- 

 rata. 



testaceus, Grav. From the pupa of Cerura vinula ; the females 



were found to be developed later than the males. 



Anomolon Jlaveolatum, Grav. From pupae of Noctua batis. 



Ophion obscurus. Female on the 24th of July, from the pupa of Noctua le- 



porina. 

 luteus. Male and female on the 10th of June, and the female on the 



20th of August, from the pupae of Noctua Cucubali, Noctua Absynthii, 



and Noctua innartri. 



The authors suggest that these Ichneumons may be specifically different, 



although not apparently so, founding their supposition upon the development from 



different insects ; but we have already seen, under Pimpla rufata, that this is not 



universal. 



Chelonus irr orator. On the 10th of June, from the pupa of Noctua psi, 

 which had over-wintered. This has been, but incorrectly, considered a 

 British insect. 

 The doubts of the authors as to the specific identity of apparently identical spe- 

 cies developed from different insects, cannot be admitted. It is no more than 



2b 2 



