4 OPHIOGLOSSACEAE. 



the backs of simply forked free veins; indusium attached under 

 the fruit dot, round or star-shaped, delicate, early withering. 



Leaves glabrous or nearly so; lobes of the indusium hair-like. W. oregana. 

 Leaves viscid-puberulent; lobes of the indusium broader at base. W. scopulina. 



Woodsia oregana D. C. Eaton. Rootstock short; petioles glabrous, not 

 jointed, brownish below; blades glabrous or slightly roughened, 5-28 cm. long, 

 elliptic-lanceolate, the sterile shorter than the fertile; pinnae triangular- 

 oblong, obtuse, pinnatifid; lower pinnae reduced in size and somewhat remote 

 from the others; rachis straw-colored; segments oblong or ovate, dentate or 

 crenate, the teeth often reflexed and covering the fruit dots; indusium deeply 

 cleft into hair-like segments. Common in crevices in rocks usually in shady 

 places. 



Woodsia scopulina D. C. Eaton. Similar to W. oregana but the leaves 

 puberulent with minute white jointed hairs and with stalked glands; indusium 

 deeply divided into segments that are broader at the bases. In rock crevices 

 near Spokane and about Lake Coeur d'Alene. Idaho. 



8. FILIX. 



Delicate rock-ferns; leaves 2-3-pinnate or pinnatifid; leaf- 

 stalks slender; fruit-dots round, borne on the backs of the veins; 

 indusium attached by a broad base on the inner side partly under 

 the fruit dot, early opening and withering away. 



Filix fragilis (L.) Underw. Bladder Fern. Rootstock short; petioles 10- 

 20 cm. long; blades thin, oblong-lanceolate, only slightly tapering below, 10-25 

 cm. long, 3-7 cm. wide, 2-3-pinnatifid or pinnate; pinnae lanceolate-ovate, 

 irregularly pinnatifid with bluntly or sharply-toothed segments along the mar- 

 gined or winged rachis; texture membranous. In shady woods, mostly on 

 rocks. 



Family 2. OPHIOGLOSSACEAE. 



Plant consisting of an underground stem bearing one or more 

 leaves which rise above ground and are divided usually into two 

 parts, a fertile portion and a sterile portion, the latter being the 

 foliage part of the leaf; frequently the fertile portion lacking in 

 some of the leaves; sporangia borne within the tissue of the fertile 

 portion, ringless, opening by a transverse slit. 



9. BOTRYCHIUM. GRAPE FERN. 



Rootstock very short, with clustered fleshy roots; sterile part 

 of the leaf ternately or pinnately divided or compound; veins 

 free; fertile segment 1-3-pinnate, each pinnule bearing a double 

 row of sessile sporangia ; spores numerous, sulphur-yellow. 



Botrychium silaifolium Presl. Stout, rather fleshy, 10-35 cm. high; stem 

 very short and stout, swollen with the contained bud of the succeeding season; 

 leaves one or two, their petioles stout, 2-12 cm. long; sterile blades 8-20 cm. 

 wide, scarcely as long, ternate, the primary divisions tripinnate or quadri- 

 pinnatifid; ultimate segments obliquely ovate, 1-1.5 cm. long, thick, entire 

 or wavy, the veins few, obscure; sporophyll erect, the petiole stout, the fruiting 



