256 COMPOSITAE. 



obtuse tips; pistillate heads oblong, 4-5 mm. long, the pale involucral bracts 

 thin, scarious at the tips; akenes glandular. Stony hillsides, common. 



Antennaria racemosa Hook. Perennial by stout leafy stolons; stems 

 slender, erect, 15-40 cm. high, glabrous or nearly so; basal leaves oval or ovate, 

 obtuse, green and glabrous or glabrate above, white-woolly beneath, 1-3 cm. 

 long, cuneate at base, petioled; cauline sessile, lanceolate, mostly acute, 1-3 

 cm. long; inflorescence glandular, racemose or somewhat paniculate; staminate 

 heads always racemose, subglobose, 4-6 mm. high, slender-peduncled, the 

 involucral scales brownish, obtuse; pappus with thickened tips; pistillate heads 

 usually corymbose, oblong, 6-8 mm. long, the involucral scales greenish, 

 narrow-tipped; pappus simple. Open woods, in the mountains. 



Antennaria howellii Greene. Stems slender, 15-30 cm. high, grayish 

 woolly; stolons prostrate, leafy, 5-10 cm. long; basal leaves cuneate-oblanceo- 

 late, petioled, 1-nerved, acutish, 3-5 cm. long, becoming green above, per- 

 sistently white-tomentose beneath; heads in a close cyme; involucre campan- 

 ulate, 8 mm. high; bracts linear-lanceolate, the tips white and scarious; akenes 

 glandular. In dry open pine woods. 



Antennaria parvifolia Nutt. (A. aprica Greene). Persistently grayish- 

 tomentose throughout; stems 10-15 cm. high; s%plons short, leafy; leaves 

 oblanceolate to obovate, acute to obtuse, about 2 cm. long; heads rather large, 

 in compact clusters, the pistillate 6-8 mm. high; involucral bracts numerous, 

 well imbricated, white or pinkish, often brownish at base, acute to obtuse on 

 the pistillate heads, more broadly obtuse and white on the staminate. Gravelly 

 prairies about Spokane. 



Antennaria rosea (D. C. Eaton) Greene. Densely white-tomentose through- 

 out; stems slender, 20-30 cm. high; stolons ascending; leaves narrowly oblance- 

 olate, acute, 15-20 mm. long; heads in rather close clusters; involucres 5-6 mm. 

 high; pistillate bracts rose-colored, rarely white, obtuse; the staminate plant 

 unknown. In dry sandy or gravelly soil. 



381. ANAPHALIS. EVERLASTING. 



White-woolly perennial herbs with erect leafy stems and entire 

 leaves; heads numerous, small, discoid, dioecious but usually with 

 a few perfect flowers in the center of the pistillate heads; pappus 

 bristles of staminate flowers little if at all thickened at the apex, 

 that of the fertile flowers not at all united at the base. 



Anaphalis margaritacea occidentalis Greene. Stems erect, 20-60 cm. high; 

 leaves broadly lanceolate, sessile; heads numerous, in a terminal corymb 

 4-15 cm. broad. In open coniferous woods. 



382. XANTHIUM. COCKLEBUR. 



Annual herbs; leaves alternate, petioled; heads monoecious, 

 in axillary or terminal clusters or short interrupted spikes; the 

 pistillate heads 2-flowered and below the several-flowered stami- 

 nate ones; involucre of the staminate heads of several distinct 

 narrow scales; involucre of the pistillate heads bur-like, ovoid or 

 oblong, closed, indurated, 2-celled, 2-flowered, armed all over with 

 strongly hook-tipped bristles ; pappus none ; corolla none ; akenes 

 obovoid, thick. 



