Mar. 25. 1854.] 



NOTES AND QUEKIES. 



279 



Dr. Isaac Barrow, Bishop of St. Asaph, was 

 buried in a churchyard, although, from his having 

 generously repaired and endowed his cathedral, he 

 might be considered to have a claim of interment 

 within its walls ; and Baldwin, the great civilian, 

 severely censures this indecent liberty, and ques- 

 tions whether he shall call it a superstition or 

 an impudent ambition. Lanfranc, Archbishop of 

 Canterbury, was the first who made vaults under 

 the chancel, and even under the altar, when he 

 rebuilt the choir of Canterbury, about 1075.* 



" The Irish long retained an attachment to their 

 ancient customs and pagan superstitions ; and the cus- 

 tom of burying in consecrated ground was not uni- 

 versal in Ireland in the twelfth century on the arrival 

 of the English, as we find it enjoined in the Council of 

 Cashel, held in 1172, mentioned by Cambrensis. A 

 short time since some small earthen tumuli were opened 

 on the Curragh of Kildare, under which skeletons were 

 found standing upright on their feet, and in their 

 hands, or near them, spears with iron heads. The 

 custom of placing their dead erect was general among 

 all the northern nations, and is still retained in Lap- 

 land and some parts of Norway ; and the natives of 

 North America bury their dead sitting in holes in the 

 ground, and cover them with a mound of earth." — 

 Transactions of the B. Irish Academy, vol. iii. 



A Query I proposed (Vol. ii., p. 187.) in refer- 

 ence to the Trogloditse never having been an- 

 swered, I shall, perhaps, be allowed to use this 

 opportunity myself to furnish an apposite and 

 explanatory quotation, viz. — 



" Troglodytas mortui cervicem pedibus alligabant et 

 raptim cum risu et jocis efferebant, nullaque loci habita 

 cura mandabant terra? ; ac ad caput cornu caprinum 

 affigebant." — Ccelii Rhodigini, Lectiones Antiques, 

 p. 792. 



I shall conclude with the rationale of the erect 

 posture, as illustrated by Staveley in his History 

 of Churches in England : 



" It is storied to be a custom among the people of 

 Megara in Greece, to be buried with their faces down- 

 wards ; Diogenes gave this reason why he should be 

 buried after the same way, that seeing all things were 

 (according to his opinion) to be turned upside down 

 in succeeding times, he, by this posture, would at last 

 be found with his face upwards, and looking towards 

 heaven." 



BlBLIOTHECAR. ChETHAM. 



In Much Ado about Nothing, Act III. Sc. 2., 

 Don Pedro says : 



" She shall be buried with her face upwards." 

 Theobald, Johnson, and Steevens have left notes 

 upon this line. The following passage is part of 

 Steevens' note : 



" Dr. Johnson's explanation may likewise be coun- 

 tenanced hy a passage in an old black-letter book, 



* Cole's MSS., vol. iv. 



without date, intitled, ' A merye Jest of a Man that 

 was called Howleglas, &c. : How Howleglas was 

 buryed : 



" ' Thus as Howleglas was deade, then they brought 

 him to be buryed. And as they would have put the 

 coff'yn into the pytte with 2 cordes, the corde at the 

 fete brake, so that the fote of the cofFyn fell into the 

 botome of the pyt, and the cofFyn stood bolt upryght 

 in the middes of the grave. Then desired y e people 

 that stode about the grave that tyme, to let the cofFyn 

 to stande bolt upryght. For in his lyfe tyme he was 

 a very marvelous man, §*c, and shall be buryed as mar- 

 vuilously. And in this maner they left Howleglas,' &c. 



" Were not the Claphams and Mauleverers buried 

 marvailously, because they were marvelous men ? " — 

 Johnson and Steevens' Shakspeare, vol. ii. p. 310. 



J. W. Farrer. 



" In Oliver Hey wood's Register is the following 

 entry [Oct. 28, 1684]: 



. ' Capt. Taylor's wife of Brig House, buried in her 

 garden with head upwards, standing upright, by her 

 husband : daughter, &c. Quakers.'" — Watson's History 

 of Halifax, p. 233. 



Cervus. 



"Some Christians [Russians?] decline the figure of 



rest, and make choice of an erect posture in burial." • 



Browne's Hydriotaphia, ch. iv. p. 246. 



Query, With the desire of meeting the Judge, 

 face to face, when He cometh ? 



Mackenzie Walcott, M.A. 



DO CONJUNCTIONS JOIN PROPOSITIONS ONLY ? 



(Vol.ix., p. 180.) 



Professor Boole's communication on the 

 above question reminds me of some remarks of 

 mine, published in an article on Sir John Stod- 

 dart's Philosophy of Language, in the North 

 British Review for November, 1850. In reference 

 to the opinion maintained by Sir John Stoddart 

 and Dr. Latham, that the conjunction always con- 

 nects sentences, the preposition words, it is ob- 

 served : 



" It does not apply to cases where the conjunction 

 unites portions of the predicate, instead of the subject, 

 of a proposition. If I assert that a gentleman of my 

 acquaintance ^"irtf brandy and water, he might not 

 relish the imputAtfcn of imbibing separate potations of 

 the neat spirit and the pure element. Stradling versus 

 Stiles is a casefin point : ' Out of the kind love and 

 respect I bear %> my much honoured and good friend, 

 Mr. Matthew Shying, Gent., I do bequeath unto 

 the said Matthew Stradling, Gent., all my black and 

 white horses.' The testator had six black horses, six 

 white horses, and six pied horses. The whole point 

 at issue turns upon the question whether the copulative 

 and joins sentences or words. If the former, the 

 plaintiff is entitled to the black horses, and also to the 



