252 



NOTES AND QUEKIES. 



[No. 229. 



and Plume of Feathers, Edward IV. ; the Swan 

 and Antelope were the arms of Henry V. ; the 

 chained or White Hart of Richard II. ; the Sun 

 and Boar of King Richard III. ; the Greyhound 

 and Green Dragon of Henry VII. The Bag o' 

 Nails disguised the former Bacchanals ; the Cat 

 and Fiddle the Caton Fidele ; the Goat and Com- 

 passes was the rebus of the Puritan motto " God 

 encompasseth us." The Swan with Two Nicks 

 represented the Thames swans, so marked on their 

 bills under the "conservatory" of the Goldsmiths' 

 Company. The Cocoa Tree and Thatched House 

 tell their own tale ; so the Coach and Horses, re- 

 minding us of the times when the superior inns 

 were the only posting-houses, in distinction to 

 such as bore the sign of the Pack-Horse. The 

 Fox and Goose denoted the games played within ; 

 the country inn, the Hare and Hounds, the vicinity 

 of a sporting squire. 



Mackenzie Walcott, M. A. 



Alphege will find some information on this 

 subject in Lower's Curiosities of Heraldry, The 

 Beaufoy Tokens (printed by the Corporation of 

 London), and the Journal of the Archaeological 

 Association for April, 1853. William Kelly. 



Leicester. 



There are a series of articles on this subject in 

 the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. lxxxviii., parts i. 

 and ii., and vol. Ixxxix. parts i. and ii. Taylor 

 the Water-poet wrote A Catalogue of Memorable 

 Places and Taverns within Ten Shires of England, 

 London, 1636, 8vo. Much information will also 

 be found in Akerman's Tokens, and Burn's Cata- 

 logue of the Beaufoy Cabinet. Zeus. 



" CONSILIUM DELECTORUM CARDINALIUM." 



(Vol. viii., p. 54. ; Vol. ix., pp. 127-29.) 



Novus did not require correction ; but Me. 

 B. B. Woodward has elaborately confounded the 

 genuine Consilium of 1537 with Vergerio's spu- 

 rious Letter of Advice, written in 1549. Four 

 cardinals, and not nine (as Me. Woodward sup- 

 poses), subscribed the authentic document ; but 

 perhaps novem may have been a corruption of 

 novum, applied to the later Bolognese Consilium ; 

 or else the word was intended to denote the num- 

 ber of all the dignitaries who addressed Pope 

 Paul III. R. G. 



" This Consilium was the result of an assembly of 

 four cardinals, among whom was our Pole, and five 

 prelates, by Paul III. in 1537, charged to give him 

 their best advice relative to a reformation of the church. 

 The corruptions of that community were detailed and 

 denounced with more freedom than might have been 

 expected, or was probably desired ; so much so, that 

 when one of the body, Cardinal Caraffa, assumed the 



tiara as Paul IV., he transferred his own advice into 

 his own list of prohibited books. The Consilium be- 

 came the subject of an animated controversy. M'Crie, 

 in his History of the Reformation in Italy, has given a 

 satisfactory account of the whole, pp. 83, &c. The 

 candid Quirini could maintain neither the spuriousness 

 of this important document, nor its non-identity with 

 the one condemned in the Index. (See Schelhorn's 

 Two Epistles on the subject, Tiguri, 1748.) And now 

 observe, gentle reader, the pontifical artifice which this 

 discussion has produced. Not in the Index following 

 the year 1748, namely, that of 1750 (that was too soon), 

 but in the next, that of 1758, the article appears thus: 

 ' Consilium de emendanda Ecclesia. Cum Notis vel 

 Prcefationibus Hcereticorum. Ind. Trid.' The whole, 

 particularly the Ind. Trid., is an implied and real 

 falsehood." — Mendham's Literary Policy of the Church 

 of Rome, pp. 48, 49. 



M. Barbier, in his Dictionnaire des Pseudonymes, 

 has given his opinion of the genuineness of the 

 Consilium in the following note, in reply to some 

 queries on the subject : 



" Monsieur. — Le Consilium quorundam Episcoporum, 

 $r., me parait une piece bien authentique, puisque 

 Brown declare l'avoir trouve non-seulement dans les 

 oeuvres de Vergerio, mais encore dans les Lectiones 

 Memorabiles, en 2 vol. in fol. par Wolphius. Je ne 

 connais rien contre cette piece. 



" J'ai l'honneur, &c. 



" Barbier." 



The learned Lorente has reprinted the " Con- 

 cilium" also in his work entitled Monumens His- 

 toriques concernant les deux Pragmatiques Sanc- 

 tions. There can, therefore, be no just grounds 

 for doubting the character of this precious article. 



BlBLlOTHECAR. CHETHAM. 



PULPIT HOUR-GLASSES. 



(Vol. viii., pp. 82. 209. 279. 328. 454. 525.) 



I should be glad to see some more information 

 in your pages relative to the early use of the pul- 

 pit hour-glass. It is said that the ancient fathers 

 preached, as the old Greek and Roman orators 

 declaimed, by this instrument ; but were the ser- 

 mons of the ancient fathers an hour long ? Many 

 of those in St. Augustine's ten volumes might be 

 delivered with distinctness in seven or eight 

 minutes; and some of those of Latimer and his con- 

 temporaries, in about the same time. But, Query, 

 are not the printed sermons of these divines merely 

 outlines, to be filled up by the preacher extempore f 

 Dyos, in a sermon preached at Paul's Cross, in 

 1570, speaking of the walking and profane talking 

 in the church at sermon time, also laments how 

 they grudged the preacher his customary hour. So 

 that an hour seems to have been the practice at 

 the Reformation. 



