332 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 232. 



Whether it still remains I know not, as many 

 years have gone by since I passed that way. 



T. B. B. H. 



BEHEMOTH. 



(Vol. ix., p. 77.) 



Hobbes's Behemoth forms the eighth tract in 

 the collection relating to the civil wars by the 

 Baron Maseres (1815), and occupies nearly 200 

 pages. The Baron, in his Preface (pp. lxxviii., 

 Ixxix.) gives the following character of the work : 



" It is written in a very clear and lively style, and 

 contains a great deal of curious historical matter con- 

 cerning the rise and gradual increase of the Pope's 

 power over temporal princes : the prohibition of mar- 

 riage in secular priests; the doctrine of transubstan- 

 tiation ; the institution of auricular confession to a 

 priest; the institution of Orders of preaching friars; 

 and the institution of Universities and Schools of Dis- 

 putation ; (all which institutions, he observes, had a 

 tendency to increase the power of the Pope, and were 

 made for that purpose,) which is set forth in pp. 467, 

 468., &c, to p. 472. And much other interesting 

 matter, concerning the sentiments of the Presbyterian 

 ministers, the Papists, the Independents, and other 

 sectaries. The pretensions made by them to Spiritual 

 Power, and the nature of heresies and the history of 

 them, is clearly and justly described in another part of 

 it ; over and above the narration of the several events 

 of the civil war itself, which I believe to be faithful 

 and exact in point of fact, though with a different 

 judgment of Mr. Hobbes as to the moral merit of the 

 persons concerned in producing them, from that which, 

 I presume, will be formed by many of the readers of 

 this history at this day ; which difference of judgment 

 between Mr. Hobbes and the present readers of this 

 work, will be a necessary consequence, from Mr. 

 Hobbes's having entertained two very important 

 opinions concerning the nature of civil government in 

 general, and of the monarchical government of England 

 in particular, which in the present age are thought, by 

 almost every Englishman who has paid any attention 

 to the subject, to be exceedingly erroneous." 



Subjoined to his reprint of this tract, the Baron 

 has appended remarks on some particular pas- 

 sages therein, which appeared to him to contain 

 erroneous opinions. C. H. Cooper. 



Cambridge. 



PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. 



Photographic Slides for the Magic Lantern. — Might 

 not the collodion process be applied very usefully in 

 the preparation of slides for the magic lantern ? 



Good slides are always expensive, owing, in great 

 measure, to the accuracy required, where every defect 

 will be magnified some hundred times. 



I would suggest that a photographic picture should 

 be taken on the glass plate, and then varnished. The 

 painter should then apply his colours to the opposite 



side of the glass, using the photographic image as his 

 outline. The colours would then be burnt in, and the 

 varnish and collodion film cleared off. 



This plan would be especially useful when the pho- 

 tographic picture had been taken by the microscope. 



Thos. Scott, B. A. 



Brighton. 



Albumenized Paper. — If Mr. Hele will follow the 

 directions contained in a paper of mine which you 

 published in Vol. ix., p. 206., for albumenizing paper, 

 I think he will have no reason to complain of waves, 

 or streaks, or blotches, and will be saved the trouble of 

 the damping process which he uses and recommends to 

 others. (" N. & Q..," Vol. ix., p. 254.) I have done a 

 considerable quantity of paper of Canson, both positive 

 and negative, and also of other makers, Whatman, 

 Turner, Sandford, and Nash, and in all I have suc- 

 ceeded perfectly in obtaining an even coating of albu- 

 men. I am convinced from my own experience that 

 the cause of waviness, &c, is due to raising the paper 

 from the albumen too slowly. If the paper be snatched 

 hastily from the solution, air bubbles no doubt will be 

 formed; but if the paper be raised with a steady 

 even motion, notjtoo slow, the albumen will flow evenly 

 from the paper, and it will dry with a perfectly even 

 surface. 



Mr. Shadbolt is certainly mistaken in saying that 

 positives printed from negatives will not stand a satu- 

 rated solution of hypo, soda, unless they be printed so 

 intensely dark that all traces of a picture by reflected 

 light are obliterated. I have used nothing but a 

 saturated solution for fixing my positives for a consi- 

 derable time, and my experience agrees with that of 

 other of your correspondents, that the picture is not as 

 much reduced by a saturated solution as by a weaker 

 one. By adding about one grain of sel d'or to every 

 eight ounces of saturated solution, very rich black 

 tones will be obtained. 



I inclose a specimen of what I have got in this way. 



C. E. F. 



[The specimen sent is most satisfactory; we wish 

 that the locality of the view had been stated. — Ed.] 



Mounting Positives on Cardboard. — In the absence 

 of any other reply to J. L. S. (Vol. ix., p. 282.), the 

 following, as the method I always adopt, may serve his 

 purpose. 



Having cut the positive to the size required, and 

 trimmed the edges, place it upon the cardboard to 

 which it is intended to be attached, and carefully 

 centre it ; then with a pencil make a slight dot at each 

 of the angles. Remove the proof, and lay it face 

 downwards upon a piece of clean paper or a cloth, and 

 with any convenient brush smear it evenly over with a 

 paste made of arrowroot, taking care not to have more 

 than just enough to cover it without leaving any 

 patches. Place it gently on the cardboard, holding it 

 for the purpose by two opposite angles, and with a silk 

 handkerchief dab it gently, beginning in the middle, 

 and work any little superfluity of the paste towards the 

 edges, when it will be gradually pressed out. The 

 whole may be placed in a press, or under a pile of 

 books to dry. 



