546 



NOTES AND QUEEIES. 



[No. 241. 



Rich, who was wounded on that occasion. As to 

 the epithet of " Colonel," used by the drummer, 

 that term is always used in conversation when ad- 

 dressing a lieutenant-colonel, or even a brevet 

 lieutenant-colonel, and its use only proves, there- 

 fore, that the officer in command of the parade 

 held a higher rank than major. After Culloden, 

 the 4th regiment moved to the Highlands, and in 

 1747 returned to Stirling. In 1749 General 

 Barrell died, and the colonelcy of the regiment was 

 given to Lieut.-Colonel Rich, whom I suspect to 

 be the officer alluded to in the caricature. I have 

 searched the military records of the 4th regiment, 

 but can find no mention of the places at which it 

 was stationed from 1747 to 1754, in the spring of 

 which year it embarked from Great Britain for 

 the Mediterranean, just as it is now doing in the 

 spring of 1854. I am inclined to fix the date of 

 the print as 1749 (not 1747), when " Old Scourge " 

 returned to his regiment as colonel, at the decease 

 of General Barrell. Colonel Rich was not pro- 

 moted to major-general until Jan. 17, 1758, and 

 his commission as colonel is dated Aug. 22, 1749, 

 the day on which he became colonel of the 4th 

 regiment. He died in 1785, but retired from the 

 service between the years 1771 and 1776 : he suc- 

 ceeded his father as a baronet in 1768. G. L. S. 



CLAY TOBACCO-PIPES. 



(Vol. ix., p. 372.) 



I was much pleased at reading Mb. H. T. 

 Riley's Note on this neglected subject, in which 

 I take no small interest, and feel happy in com- 

 municating the little amount of information I 

 possess regarding it, I have long thought that 

 the habit of smoking, I do not say tobacco, but 

 some other herb, is of much greater antiquity than 

 is generally supposed. Tobacco appears to have 

 been introduced amongst us about 1586 by 

 Captain R. Greenfield and Sir Francis Drake 

 (vide Brand's Popular Antiquities) ; but I have 

 seen pipe-bowls of English manufacture, which 

 had been found beneath the encaustic pavement 

 of Build was Abbey in Shropshire, which gives a 

 much earlier date to the practice of smoking 

 something. I remember an old man, a perfect 

 Dominie Sampson in his way, who had been in 

 turn gaoler, pedagogue, and postmaster, at St. 

 Briavel's, near Tintern Abbey, habitually smoking 

 the leaves of coltsfoot, which he cultivated on 

 purpose ; he told me that he could seldom afford 

 to use tobacco. The pipes found in such abund- 

 ance in the bed of the Thames, and everywhere 

 in and about London, I believe to be of Dutch 

 manufacture ; they are identical with those which 

 Teniers and Ostade put into the mouths of their 

 boors, and have for the most part a small pointed 



heel, a well-defined milled ring around the lip, 

 and bear no mark or name of the maker. Such 

 were the pipes used by the soldiers of the Parlia- 

 ment, to be found wherever they encamped. I 

 will only instance Barton, near Abingdon, on the 

 property of G. Bowyer, Esq., M.P., where I have 

 seen scores while shooting in the fields around the 

 ruins of the old fortified mansion. The English 

 pipes, on the contrary, have a very broad and flat 

 heel, on which they may rest in an upright po- 

 sition, so that the ashes might not fall out prema- 

 turely ; and on this heel the potter's name or 

 device is usually stamped, generally in raised 

 characters, though sometimes they are incised. 

 Occasionally the mark is to be found on the side 

 of the bowl. A short time ago I exhibited a 

 series of some five-and-twenty different types at 

 the Archasological Institution, and my collection 

 has been enlarged considerably since. These were 

 principally found in Shropshire and Staffordshire, 

 and appear for the most part to have been made 

 at Broseley. They are of a very hard and com- 

 pact clay, which retains the impress of the milled 

 ring and the stamp in all its original freshness. I 

 shall feel much obliged by receiving any additional 

 information upon this subject. 



W. J. Bernhabd Smith. 

 Temple. 



MADAME DE STAEL. 



(Vol. ix., p. 451.) 



I cannot direct R. A. to the passage in Madame 

 de StaeTs works. The German book for which 

 he inquires is not by Schlegel assisted by Fichte, 

 but — 



" Friedrich Nicolai's Leben und sonderbare Mei- 

 nungen. Ein Beitrag zur Literatur-Geschichte des 

 vergangenen und zur Padagogik des angehenden 

 Jahrhunderts, von Johan Gottlieb Fichte. Heraus- 

 gegeben von A. W. Schlegel: Tubingen, 1801, 8°, 

 pp. 180." 



There certainly is no ground for the charge that 

 Fichte attacked Nicolai when he was too old to 

 reply. Nicolai was born in 1733, and died in 

 1811 ; so that he was sixty-eight when this pam- 

 phlet was published. His Leben Sempronius 

 Gundiberts was published in 1798 ; and your cor- 

 respondent H. C. R. (Vol. vii., p. 20.) partook of 

 his hospitality in Berlin in 1803. 



As to the provocation, Fichte (at p. 82.) gives an 

 account of attacks on his personal honour; the 

 worst of which seems to be the imputation of seek- 

 ing favourable notices in the Literary Gazette of 

 Jena. In Gundibert Fichte's writings were se- 

 verely handled, but no personal imputation was 

 made. I do not know what was said of him in 

 the Neue Deutsche Bibliothek, but I can hardly 

 imagine any justification for so furious an attack 



