342 On Manures. — New Efcapemeni, 



ing to 56 bufhels per acre, is faid to have been raifed by Mr. Henry Harper of Lancashire; 

 which is fo much above the general average, that Mr. Harper was at a lofs how to account 

 for it I am inclined to think, that the night-foil contained in the mixture with which he 

 drefied the clofe was thecaufe of this vjondcrful efftil. 



He mentions, that the quantity of manure (confifting of «/^^/-y«/7, coal-anies, andfweep- 

 ings of ftreets) was eighty tons; and that the clofe contains eleven acres. The proportion 

 per acre was therefore fomething more than feven tons. He does not fay what part of this 

 proportion was night-foil ; but it was probably not lefs than four tons ; a quantity whichj as 

 I have before obferved, is fufficientof Itfelf to produce one immenfe crop. 



In fhort, it appears to me, that nature following her general fyftem of reprodu£lion, pre- 

 pares this matter in the moft perfect manner, for the purpofe of feeding vegetables, and 

 raifing them to the very higheft pitch of excellenca. And it is certain, that herbage growing 

 under thefe circumftances is capable of fattening thd largejl cattle in lefs time than any 

 other. 



The importance of this kind of manure being fb evident, I am fure the fociety will feel 

 equally with me the moft poignant regret, when they take into their confideration, that ninety- 

 nine parts in every hundred of this valuable article is conftantly and moft ahfurdly carried by 

 the fewers and drains into the rivers, and thereby totally loft to the purpofes of agriculture, 

 for which it is fo admirably adapted. 



In Britain alone, the quantity of the manure and of urine which is annually thus wafted 

 is aftoniftiingly great ; probably not lefs than five millions of cart-loads : worth to the far- 

 mers two millions and a half ; and to the community five millions of pounds fterling per 

 annum. 



III. 



Dtfcription of aNew Efeaptnuntfor Clocks. By Mr. SiMON GoovJllCH. * 



J/ IG. I. Plate XV. reprefents a front view of the crank efcapement. 



Fig. 2, a fide view of ditto. 



The fame letters of reference are put to the correfponding parts in each figure. 



A A A A, the back plate of a clock. B, the crank, fixed to the end of C, the arbor of 

 the laft pinion of the train. D D, two fmall wire chains, compofed of two links only, at- 

 tached to the crank B, by means of two collets, with plenty of liberty upon it. Thefe 

 diains arc fattened to E E, two fmall fprings fcrewed to F F F, a bar that goes acrofs, and 

 is fattened in the middle to G G, the crutch with which H H, the pendulum, is fiifpended 

 in the common way. 1 1, are two fcrews going through the bar Fj the ends of which being 



• Society of Arts, 1799, p. 3*9. 



made 



-'i jj3n 



