226 Zoological Society, 



and muzzle, black. Iris darkish red hazel. Odour very powerful in 

 the mature male at certain times. 



•' Found in the wild state in the Kach^r region of Nepal, in small 

 flocks or solitarily. Is bold, capricious, wanton, eminently scanso- 

 rial, pugnacious, and easily tamed and acclimatised [acclimated] in 

 foreign parts. 



" Remarks. Jhdral is closely affined by the character of the 

 horns to the Alpine uEgagri, and still more nearly, in other respects, 

 to Capra Jemlaica. It differs from the former by the less volume of 

 the horns, by their smooth anterior edge, and by the absence of the 

 beard ; from the latter, by the horns being much less compressed, 

 not turned inwards at the points, nor nodose. Jhdral breeds with 

 the domestic Goat, and more nearly resembles the ordinary types of 

 the tame races than any wild species yet discovered. 

 Genus Ovis, Linn. 



" Species Ovis Ndhoor, Mihi. — The Ndhobr of the Nepalese. New? 

 Variety of Ovis Musmon } 



" Closely affined to Ovis Musmon, of which it is probably only a 

 variety. Adult male 48 inches from snout to rump, and 32 high. 

 Head coarse and expressionless, clad entirely in close short hair, 

 without beard on the chin or throat, or any semblance of mane. 

 Chaffron considerably arched. Ears medial, narrow, erect, pointed, 

 striated. Eye dull. Moist space between the nares evanescent. 

 Nares narrow and long. Knees and sternum callous. Tail medial, 

 cylindrico- depressed, only half nude below. Structure moderately 

 compact, not remarkable for power. Neck sparish, bowed, with a 

 considerable dip from the crown of the shoulders. Limbs longish, 

 firm, but slender, not remarkable for rigidity, and supported on lax 

 pasterns, and on hoofs lower and less compact than the Goafs ; false 

 hoofs mere callosities. Attitude of rest less gathered and firm, with 

 the head lower, and the back straight. Shoulders decidedly lower 

 than croup. Fore quarters not more massive than the hind, nor the 

 extremities stronger. Fur of two sorts : the outer, hair of a harsh, 

 brittle, quill-like character, serpentined internally, with the salient 

 bows of one hair fitting into the resilient bends of another ; exter- 

 nally straight, porrect from the skin, and very abundant ; of medial 

 uniform length all over the body ; the inner coat, soft and woolly, 

 rather spare, and not more abundant than in the Goat, Horns 22 

 inches along the curve, inserted high above the orbits on the crown 

 of the forehead, touching nearly at the base with their whole depth, 

 and carrying the frontal bones very high up between them, the pa- 

 rietals being depressed in an equal degree*. The horns diverge 

 greatly, but can scarcely be said to be spirally turned. They are 

 first directed upwards considerably before the facial line, and then 

 sweep downwards with a bold curve, the points again being recurved 



♦ The Goat's skul! has the same form, but less strikingly developed ; and 

 unless I am mistaken, this form of the skull would aftord a just and general 

 mark to separate Ovis and Capra from Cervus and Antilope. There is a 

 gradation of characters in this respect among the Antelopes tending to the 

 Caprine type in their general structure. 



