FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. 127 



photic acid, and appeared to be entirely unknown, opening, Mr. 

 Jones observed, a wide field for investigation. He also proved that, 

 contrary to all former analysis, the lignin of wheat contained nitro- 

 gen as one of its elements. He likewise shewed that starch could 

 be immediately converted into sugar by sulphuric acid, and which 

 would appear to be in opposition to the experiments of Saussure. 

 In answer to a question by the chairman, Mr. Jones stated that 

 wheat from the south of Europe contained more gluten than Eng- 

 lish wheat by two or three per cent. 



Friday. — The following papers were read : — Some Improve- 

 ments on the Voltaic Battery — and Observations on Atmospheric 

 Electricity, by Mr. Crosse. On a new Compound found during 

 the destructive distillation of Wood, by Mr. Scanlaw. On a pecu- 

 liar Compound of Carbon and Potassium — and On a new Gaseous 

 Bicarburet of Hydrogen, by Professor E. Davey. On the Con- 

 ducting Power of Iodine, by Dr. Inglis. On Fluorine, by Mr. 

 Knox. On detecting the Strength of Spirits by diluting with 

 Water, by Mr. Black. Communication on the Aurora Borealis, 

 by Dr. Trail. 



Section C. — Geology and Geography. 



President— Rev. Dr. Buckland. 



Vice-Presidents — It. Griffith, Esq., G. B. Greenough, Esq. ; (for Geogra- 

 phy) It. J. Murchison, Esq. 



Secretaries — W. Sanders, Esq., S. Stutchbury, Esq., T. J. Torrie, Esq. ; (for 

 Geography) F. Harrison Rankin, Esq. 



Committee — H* T. De la Beche, Esq., M. Van Breda, J. Carne, Esq. Pen- 

 zance, Major Clerke, Lord Cole, Rev. W. Conybeare, R. Griffith, 

 Esq., Rev.' W. Hopkins, Sir George Makenzie, M. Van der Melen, 

 Professors Parigot, Phillips, and Sedgwick, the Marquis of Northamp- 

 ton, W. Smith, John Taylor, S. Worsley, E. Charlesworth, R. Hut- 

 ton, R. Ibbotson, J. Macadam, Esqrs., Rev. T. T .Lewis. 



Monday. — Mr. Charlesworth read a paper evincing much talent 

 and geological labour, on * The vertebrated animals found in the 

 crag of Norfolk and Suffolk/' The author first adverted to the pro- 

 bability of the tertiary deposits above the London clay in the east- 

 ern counties of England not belonging, as has been generally sup- 

 posed, to one formation. He then proceeded to establish the fact of 

 the remains of mammiferous animals being indiscriminately associ- 

 ated with marine testacea in a fossiliferous stratum which appears 

 to extend from Cromer, in Norfolk, to within a few miles of Albro\ 

 in Suffolk. The author had not detected any traces of mammalia 

 in the coralline crag, or in that portion of the upper deposit which 

 skirts the southern coast of Essex and Suffolk. The bones of land 

 animals found in the crag have undergone the same peculiar chemi- 

 cal change as that exhibited by the teeth of fish, and which readily 

 distinguish them from those belonging to the overlying diluvial 

 strata. Teeth of the Mastodon angustidens have recently been 

 found at Thorp and Bramerton (near Norwich), parishes adjoining 



