EUvaiion of Water by lateral ^Bkn. 493 



IV. 



Concerning the Engine for raijing Water by the lateral Communication of Motion, In a 

 Letter from the Invent or ■, Mr. William Close. \ 



tE'J'TFR- HI. 



To Mr, NICHOLSON. 

 SIR, Dalto/i, Jan. 12, i8oi. 



OiNCE the date of my fecond letter on raifing water by the lateral communication of 

 motion, I have occafionally turned my thoughts to the fubjedt, and made fome improve- 

 ment in the plan of the apparatus for producing a feries of elevations, which I fliall com- 

 municate in the prefent letter. 



The height to which the lateral communication of motion will caufe the preflure of the 

 atmofphere to raife water in one column, depends upon the height of the water in the 

 refervoir above the conical tube. When the height of the charge is five feet, the ftraiteft 

 diameter of the conical tube equal to Gx inches, and its other dimenfions adapted to the 

 preflure ; the extent of the column may be eftimated at eleven feet. Under fimilar cir- 

 cumftances, when water is to be raifed to the height of twenty -three feet, the following 

 method may be purfued. 



Raife the water four times by the preflure of the atmofphere, through four vertical 

 tubes, each riling to the height of feven feet and an half above the brim of the ciftern 

 from which it is to receive water, as is reprefented in Fig. 3, PI. XIJI. When the charge 

 of the refervoir is five feet, it will be of no ufe to make the tubes much longer than feven 

 feet and an half, as the afcent through the fpace above will be flow, and the extenfion of 

 the elevation in this way will feldom compenfate for the lofs of time. 



Fig. I, in Pi. XXI. reprefents the firft veflel above the refervoir; C part of the water 

 tube, and E part of the air pipe which leads to the conical tube. 



Let the air pipe E be made four times the width that would be required for the elevation 

 of one column, and let the valve reprefented by m be adopted to its top. 



The air pipe reprefented by G fhould be made wide for this veflel ; in all thofe above 

 it may be omitted. 



Into the top of the veflel D infert three fmall air pipes O P Q, and carry each of them 

 to a different vefl"el on the top of a water tube. The length of each of thefe above 

 the ciftern from which it is to raife a column of water, muft rather exceed the length 

 of the lowefl: rarefying tube above the loweft refervoir. They will require no valves. 



When the reft of the apparatus is completed upon the principles before laid down, the 



lateral communication of motion will rarefy the air equally in all its parts, and the water 



will afcend through all the vertical tubes, into and nearly fill the veflels upon their tops. 



4 But 



