, Nev) and ufefttl JppHcation of the Syphon. 549. 



It was not ncceflary to fettle the fyphon when only an ounce bottle was ufed. 



When the fyphon was in its original fliort ftate, the partition between the two fmall' 

 pipes was taken fmoothly off with the infide of the tube. No water would enter the 

 Bottle, although the a£live part of the defcending column was of confidcr^ble length. 



From thefe fads and obfervations I deduce the arrangement reprefented in Fig. r, 

 Plate XXIV. for extrafting a quantity of water out of a fyphon at any elevation, and fup- 

 plying its place with air. 



Into any part, except the top fide, of a vertical fyphon S Y, infert two fmall pipes, and 

 kt their apertures in the infide of the tube be divided by a projecting piece about a quarter 

 of an inch thick ; wherever the pipes are inferted, the piece muft be placed in fuch a 

 pofition, that the current will ftrike againft one of its flat fides. The pipe which opens 

 on that fide of the obftacle or dam (truck by the ftream, may be called the water pipe, and 

 that on the other fide the air pipe. Infert their other ends into a veflel A W. The air 

 pipe oppofite to A muft. rife to near the top of this veflel, but the water pipe W need not 

 rife above the p'ace of 'n& infertion. A cock perfe£i:ly air tight muft be fixed in each pipe 

 between the veflel and fyphon: the vefl!el A W muft have a tube in its lower part 

 for letting out Water. This tube muft h;;ve a cack fixed in it, or a valve covered with 

 leather to clofe its lower end. T j haften the delivery of the water in this veflel, the ex- 

 ternal air may be admitted in fuch manner as is moft convenient. 



The communication between the veflel and fyphon being interfe£led by turning the 

 cocks in the pipes A W, and the branches of the fyphon clofed at their lower ends, the 

 tube may be filled with water through an aperture in the top. After this aperture is 

 clofed, and a ftream of water let into the ciftern C for fupplying the fyphon, the ends of 

 thj branches jnay be opened, and a continued ftream will flow through the tube. 



When it is required to fill the veflel A W with water, exclude the external air, and 

 open the pipes between it, and the fyphon. Tl;e vefl'el will foon be filled, and the water 

 may be let out by opening, the tube for that purpofe, after the fmall pipes A W are again 

 clofed by turning their cocks. 



The water may be let out of the veflfel without attendance, by a quantity of water 

 paflTing through four veflels placed in the following order one below another, and each: 

 provided with a fyphon. 



I. The higheft, an immoveable veflel filled in a given time. 2. A defcending veflel,, 

 fufpended from a lever or. wheel, which turns the cocks in the tubes oppofite A W in 

 its axis. This veflel muft have a tube open at both ends, fixed in the middle of its bottom., 

 3. A defcending veflTel to open the valve for letting water out of the veflel A W. It muft 

 be fufpended upon the valve by a cord or wire paflTing through the tube in the middle of the 

 fecond veflel. 4. The loweft, a veflTel of the.fame width with the fecond.. The brim of it 

 muft be connefted to the outfide circumference of the bottom of the fecond by wires or 

 chains.. 



