, and especially in Scotland, 365 



and cast up immense quantities of pebbles and gravel. The 

 influence on the wells was remarkable. In one canton, up- 

 wards of thirty springs were dried up for some time. Some 

 continued for several days after the catastrophe, to yield 

 only thick and whitish-coloured water ; others became more 

 abundant than they had been.* 



30M October 1840. — " At Zante, an awful earthquake took 

 place, which was followed, in the course of one week, by 

 about one hundred shocks. It occurred in the middle of the 

 day. The Lord High Commissioner, who was in a steam- 

 boat at the time, and within six miles of land, imagined that 

 the boiler had burst. The island of the Trente-Nova has 

 sunk into the sea. The buildings which had their foundation 

 on limestone, escaped pretty well, except one village, which 

 was turned topsy-turvy ; — the strata underneath shewed it- 

 self betwixt the lime formation, to be full of large veins of 

 mud." 



Wth November 1840. — " At Philadelphia, a severe shock 

 occurred at night. It was accompanied by a great and un- 

 usually sudden swell in the Delaware." 



22d November 1840. — " In Java, there was an eruption of 

 Mount Gede. Subsequently, other eruptions took place, — 

 viz. on 1st December, at between five and six o'clock in the 

 morning ; on the 2d, at half-past eight ; and on the 3d, at six 

 in the evening. The following are some particulars of the ex- 

 plosion of the 1st, which was more violent than the two others. 

 After the first violent explosion, accompanied with a slight 

 motion of the earth, the fire rose from the crater to the height 

 of four hundred or five hundred feet, at the same time a thick 

 column of smoke rose to the height of fifteen thousand feet. 

 (These estimates are founded on the ascertained fact that the 

 top of Gede is 7500 feet above Tjunjir.) The noise resem- 

 bled the report of several pieces of artillery, accompanied by 

 flashes of lightning. The sight was the more magnificent, as 

 the sky was perfectly cloudless and serene. An eye-witness 



* This is abbreviated from an official account published by the Russian Qo- 

 vernraent. 



